On 24 September 1932, Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar reached an agreement known as the Poona Pact. This compromise was a significant event in the Indian freedom struggle, specifically concerning the political representation of the Dalits (then referred to as "Depressed Classes").
Background:
The British government had proposed a separate electorate for Dalits in the Communal Award of 1932, which would have allowed them to elect their representatives separately from the Hindu electorate. While Dr. Ambedkar saw this as an opportunity for Dalits to have political autonomy and stronger representation, Mahatma Gandhi opposed it, fearing that separate electorates would divide Hindu society and weaken its unity.
The Pact:
After Gandhi began a fast-unto-death in Yerwada Jail against the separate electorate, intense negotiations took place. The Poona Pact was the result of these discussions. Its key provisions were:
- Joint Electorates: Dalits would not have separate electorates but would participate in the general electorate.
- Reserved Seats: A higher number of reserved seats for Dalits in provincial legislatures. Instead of the 71 seats promised by the Communal Award, the pact secured 148 seats for Dalits.
- Social Reforms: The agreement highlighted the need for more significant social reform and upliftment of the Dalit community.
This agreement shaped the future of Dalit political representation in India and remains a critical moment in the relationship between Gandhi and Ambedkar.
No comments:
Post a Comment