Information Post : Third voyage of James Cook

James Cook (7 November 1728– 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the British Royal Navy. He made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.

James Cook's third and final voyage (12 July 1776 – 4 October 1780) took the route from Plymouth via Cape Town and Tenerife to New Zealand and the Hawaiian Islands, and along the North American coast to the Bering Strait.

Its ostensible purpose was to return Omai, a young man from Raiatea, to his homeland, but the Admiralty used this as a cover for their plan to send Cook on a voyage to discover the Northwest Passage. HMS Resolution, to be commanded by Cook,were prepared for the voyage which started from Plymouth in 1776.

11 July - Fiat Automobiles founded in 1899

 

Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. originally FIAT, Italian: Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino, lit. 'Italian Automobiles Factory, Turin') is an Italian automobile manufacturer, a subsidiary of FCA Italy S.p.A., which is part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (previously Fiat S.p.A.). Fiat Automobiles was formed in January 2007 when Fiat reorganized its automobile business,and traces its history back to 1899 when the first Fiat automobile, the Fiat 4 HP, was produced.

On 11 July 1899, Giovanni Agnelli was part of the group of founding members of FIAT, Fabbrica Italiana di Automobili Torino. The first Fiat plant opened in 1900 with 35 staff making 24 cars. Known from the beginning for the talent and creativity of its engineering staff, by 1903 Fiat made a small profit and produced 135 cars; this grew to 1,149 cars by 1906. The company then went public selling shares via the Milan stock exchange.

Fiat Automobiles is the largest automobile manufacturer in Italy. During its more than century-long history, it remained the largest automobile manufacturer in Europe and the third in the world after General Motors and Ford for over 20 years, until the car industry crisis in the late 1980s.In 2013, Fiat S.p.A. was the second largest European automaker by volumes produced and the seventh in the world, while currently FCA is the world's eighth-largest auto maker.

11 July - Sir Chettur Sankaran Nair birth anniversary

Sir Chettur Sankaran Nair was a prominent Indian lawyer, politician, and jurist who played a significant role in the Indian freedom movement and the development of India's legal system during the colonial era.

Chettur Sankaran Nair was born on 11July 1857, in Kerala, India. He received his education in law from the University of Madras and went on to become a distinguished lawyer, specializing in criminal law. He earned a reputation for his legal acumen and integrity, becoming one of the leading advocates in British India.

In addition to his legal career, Chettur Sankaran Nair was actively involved in politics and social reform. He was a staunch advocate for Indian self-governance and played a key role in the Indian National Congress (INC) during its early years. He served as the President of the INC in 1897.

Chettur Sankaran Nair also made significant contributions to India's legal system. He served as a member of the Viceroy's Legislative Council and played a key role in drafting and enacting important legislation. He was appointed as a Judge of the Madras High Court and later served as a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London, the highest court of appeal for the British Empire.

Throughout his life, Chettur Sankaran Nair remained committed to the cause of Indian nationalism and social justice. He received several honors and accolades for his contributions, including a knighthood in 1915.

Sir Chettur Sankaran Nair passed away on 24 April 1934, leaving behind a lasting legacy as a pioneering lawyer, politician, and jurist in India's struggle for independence and legal reform.

11 July - Robert I ( Robert the Bruce) born in 1274

Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (Medieval Gaelic: Roibert a Briuis; modern Scottish Gaelic: Raibeart Brus; Norman French: Robert de Brus or Robert de Bruys; Early Scots: Robert Brus; Latin: Robertus Brussius), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert was one of the most famous warriors of his generation, and eventually led Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against England. He fought successfully during his reign to regain Scotland's place as an independent country and is today revered in Scotland as a national hero.