11 August - Dadra And Nagar Haveli was integrated into the Indian Union in 1961

 

Dadra and Nagar Haveli is a region in western India. It is composed of two separate geographical entities: Nagar Haveli, wedged between Maharashtra and Gujarat and 1 km to the northwest, the smaller enclave of Dadra, which is surrounded by Gujarat. Silvassa is the administrative headquarters of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Unlike the surrounding areas, Dadra and Nagar Haveli was ruled by the Portuguese from 1783 until the mid-20th century. The area was captured by Pro-India forces in 1954 and administered as the de-facto state of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli before being annexed to India as a union territory, the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in 1961. The union territory was merged with the neighbouring union territory of Daman and Diu to form the new union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu on January 26, 2020. The territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli then became one of the three districts of the new union territory, as the Dadra and Nagar Haveli District.

In 1961, amidst Indian preparation for the invasion of Goa, Daman, and Diu, K.G. Badlani, an officer of the Indian Administrative Service was, for one day, designated the Prime Minister of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, so that, as Head of State, he could sign an agreement with the Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, and formally merge Dadra and Nagar Haveli with the Republic of India. The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of India was passed to incorporate Dadra and Nagar Haveli as a union territory, effective 11 August 1961.

On 31 December 1974 a treaty was signed between India and Portugal on recognition of India's sovereignty over Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

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11 August - Khudiram Bose hanged on 1908

Sahid Khudiram Bose (also spelled Khudiram Bosu or Khudiram Basu) ( 03 December 1889 – 11 August 1908) was an Indian revolutionary who opposed British rule of India. For his role in the Muzaffarpur Conspiracy Case, along with Prafulla Chaki, he was sentenced to death and subsequently executed, making him one of the youngest martyrs of the Indian Independence Movement

Khudiram, along with Prafulla Chaki, attempted to assassinate a British judge, Magistrate Douglas Kingsford, by throwing bombs on the carriage they suspected the man was in. Magistrate Kingsford, however, was seated in a different carriage, and the throwing of bombs resulted in the deaths of two British women. Prafulla committed suicide before the arrest. Khudiram was arrested and trialed for the murder of the two women, ultimately being sentenced to death.

At the time of his hanging, Khudiram was 18 years, 8 months, and 11 days old, making him one of the 2nd youngest revolutionaries in India.Mahatma Gandhi, however, denounced the violence, lamenting the deaths of the two innocent women. He stated "that the Indian people will not win their freedom through these methods."Bal Gangadhar Tilak, in his newspaper Kesari, defended the two young men and called for immediate swaraj. This was followed by the immediate arrest of Tilak by the British colonial government on charges of sedition.

07 September - Krishna Janmashtami 2023

Krishna Janmashtami, also known as Gokulashtami, is a Hindu festival that celebrates the birth of Lord Krishna, the eighth avatar of Vishnu. This festival is observed on the Ashtami (eighth day) of the Krishna Paksha (dark fortnight) in the Hindu month of Bhadrapada, which typically falls in August or September.

The festival is marked by various rituals and traditions, which vary across different regions of India:

1. Fasting and Devotion: Devotees observe a fast on Janmashtami, which is broken at midnight, the time believed to be Krishna's birth. Throughout the day, they engage in devotional singing, dancing, and prayers.

2. Dahi Handi: In some parts of India, especially in Maharashtra, the festival includes the Dahi Handi tradition, where groups of young men form human pyramids to break a pot of curd hung high above the ground. This symbolizes the playful and mischievous nature of young Krishna, who is known for stealing butter.

3. Rasa Lila: In regions like Vrindavan and Mathura, where Krishna is believed to have spent his childhood, dramatic enactments of scenes from Krishna's life, known as Rasa Lila, are performed. These plays depict various episodes from Krishna's early life, including his divine love for Radha.

4. Midnight Celebrations: Temples are beautifully decorated, and the idol of baby Krishna is placed in a cradle. At midnight, the birth moment of Krishna is celebrated with chanting, conch blowing, and ringing bells, followed by the offering of sweets and fruits to the deity.

5. Cultural Significance: Krishna Janmashtami is not only a religious observance but also a cultural celebration that highlights the importance of righteousness, love, and devotion in Hinduism.

This festival is celebrated with great enthusiasm across India and by Hindus around the world.

Krishna Janmashtami is followed by the festival Nandotsav, which celebrates the occasion when Nanda Baba distributed gifts to the community in honour of the birth.

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