23 July - Shiv Kumar Batalvi birth anniversary

 

Shiv Kumar Batalvi, born on 23 July 1936, in Barapind, Punjab (now in Pakistan), was an iconic Punjabi poet renowned for his deep, lyrical, and emotive verse. His early life was marked by the Partition of India in 1947, which led his family to migrate to Batala in Indian Punjab. This tumultuous period left a profound impact on him, shaping his sensibilities and inspiring much of his later work.

Batalvi's poetry is characterized by its intense emotional depth, exploring themes of love, longing, separation, and despair. His works, such as "Piran Da Paraga," "Lajwanti," and "Birha Tu Sultan," are celebrated for their musicality and poignant expression. He quickly gained fame for his ability to articulate the pain of unfulfilled love and existential angst, earning him the title of "Birha Da Sultan" (King of Sorrow).

In 1967, Batalvi became the youngest recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award, one of India's highest literary honors, for his epic poem "Loona." This work reinterpreted a traditional Punjabi folklore with a modern sensibility, highlighting his innovative approach to poetry.

Despite his literary success, Batalvi's personal life was often tumultuous. His passionate nature and romantic idealism frequently found expression in his work, reflecting his own struggles with unrequited love and emotional turbulence. He battled with health issues, which were exacerbated by his lifestyle.

Shiv Kumar Batalvi passed away on 06 May 1973, at the young age of 36, but his legacy endures. His poetry continues to be celebrated and cherished, transcending generations. His work has been set to music, adapted into plays, and remains a staple in Punjabi literature. Batalvi's ability to capture the complexities of human emotions in a simple yet profound manner ensures that his contributions to literature are remembered and revered.

23 July - National Remembrance Day (Papua New Guinea)

 

National Remembrance Day is a significant observance in Papua New Guinea, held annually on July 23. This day is dedicated to honoring the memory of Papua New Guinean soldiers and civilians who served and sacrificed their lives during World War I, World War II, and other conflicts. It is a time for the nation to reflect on the bravery and contributions of those who fought for freedom and peace.

The observance of National Remembrance Day includes various ceremonies and activities across the country. These typically involve wreath-laying ceremonies, military parades, and memorial services held at war cemeteries and monuments. The national event is often centered at the Bomana War Cemetery near Port Moresby, where many fallen soldiers are laid to rest.

National Remembrance Day is a day of reflection and national pride, as it reinforces the values of courage, sacrifice, and patriotism. It also serves to educate younger generations about the historical significance of these conflicts and the importance of preserving peace and unity in the nation.

23 July - Comet Hale–Bopp discovered

 

Comet Hale–Bopp, one of the most widely observed comets of the 20th century, was discovered on 23 July 1995. The discovery was made independently by two amateur astronomers, Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp, who spotted the comet in the sky from different locations in the United States. The comet quickly gained attention due to its brightness and long period of visibility.

Hale–Bopp's appearance was particularly spectacular because it remained visible to the naked eye for an unprecedented 18 months, from mid-1996 to late 1997. This extended visibility period allowed both professional astronomers and the general public ample time to observe and study the comet. Its bright nucleus and impressive double tail made it easily identifiable, and it became a significant event for sky watchers around the world.

The comet's scientific importance also lies in the wealth of data it provided. Observations of Hale–Bopp contributed to a better understanding of cometary composition and behavior. Researchers found that the comet's nucleus was about 60 kilometers in diameter, making it one of the largest known cometary nuclei.

Hale–Bopp's discovery and subsequent observations highlight the contributions of amateur astronomers to the field of astronomy and underscore the continuous intrigue and excitement that celestial events bring to both scientists and the public alike.

23 July - Apolinario Mabini Day (Philippines)

 

Apolinario Mabini Day is celebrated in the Philippines on July 23 each year. This day honors Apolinario Mabini, a prominent Filipino revolutionary leader, politician, and intellectual who played a crucial role in the Philippine struggle for independence from Spanish and American colonial rule. Born on July 23, 1864, in Tanauan, Batangas, Mabini is often referred to as the "Brains of the Revolution" and the "Sublime Paralytic" due to his immense contributions despite being paralyzed from the waist down.

Mabini served as the first Prime Minister and Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines during the First Philippine Republic. He was a key adviser to General Emilio Aguinaldo, the leader of the Philippine revolutionary forces. His profound ideas and writings greatly influenced the political landscape of the Philippines, advocating for independence, democratic governance, and social justice.

Apolinario Mabini Day is a time to reflect on his legacy and contributions to the Philippine nation. It serves as a reminder of the values he stood for: patriotism, integrity, and dedication to the cause of freedom and national sovereignty. Various activities, including educational programs, cultural events, and ceremonies, are held to commemorate his life and to inspire future generations to uphold the ideals he championed.

23 July - Mehmood Ali death anniversary

 

Mehmood Ali, commonly known simply as Mehmood, was a legendary Indian actor, comedian, and film director. He was born on September 29, 1932, in Mumbai, India, and passed away on July 23, 2004. Mehmood was one of the most talented and influential comedians in the history of Indian cinema.

He began his career as a child artist and later transitioned into playing comic roles. Mehmood's comedic timing, unique expressions, and versatility in portraying various characters earned him widespread acclaim and popularity. He appeared in over 300 films in his career, making a significant contribution to the Bollywood film industry.

Some of Mehmood's most memorable films include "Padosan," "Bombay to Goa," "Gumnaam," "Do Phool," "Aankhen," and "Humjoli." He often played supporting roles or side characters and had the ability to steal the spotlight with his impeccable comedic performances. Despite being known for his comedic roles, Mehmood also displayed his talent in serious and dramatic roles, proving his versatility as an actor.

Apart from acting, Mehmood also tried his hand at film direction. He directed films like "Bhoot Bangla" and "Kunwara Baap." Additionally, he was a talented singer and lent his voice to several songs in his movies.

Mehmood's work in the Indian film industry earned him numerous accolades and awards, including several Filmfare nominations. He was widely loved and respected by his peers, and his legacy continues to be celebrated in Indian cinema.

22 July - C. V. Sridhar birth anniversary

 

C. V. Sridhar, born on 22 July 1933, in Chitthamur, Tamil Nadu, India, was a distinguished filmmaker, screenwriter, and playwright who left an indelible mark on Indian cinema. His career spanned several decades, during which he directed and wrote numerous successful films, primarily in Tamil but also in Hindi and Telugu.

Sridhar's entry into the film industry began as a playwright. His first major success came with his play "Raththa Paasam," which was adapted into a film. This success led to his debut as a director with the Tamil film Kalyana Parisu (1959), which was a significant commercial hit and established him as a notable filmmaker. The film was later remade in Hindi as Nazrana (1961), furthering his reputation.

He was known for his ability to craft compelling narratives that often explored themes of romance, social issues, and human emotions. His films were also notable for their music, with many of the songs becoming timeless hits. Some of his most acclaimed Tamil films include Nenjil Or Aalayam (1962), Kadhalikka Neramillai (1964), Sumaithaangi (1962), and Vennira Aadai (1965). In Hindi cinema, his film Dil Ek Mandir (1963) won the Filmfare Award for Best Story.

Sridhar was also innovative in his filmmaking techniques, often experimenting with storytelling styles and cinematic aesthetics that were ahead of his time. His ability to blend commercial appeal with artistic merit made his films popular with both audiences and critics.

In addition to his work in Tamil and Hindi, Sridhar also made successful films in Telugu, contributing significantly to the broader Indian film industry. His work earned him several awards and recognitions, including the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director.

C. V. Sridhar passed away on 20 October 2008, in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. His legacy continues to influence filmmakers, and his films remain beloved by audiences for their emotional depth, musical brilliance, and narrative excellence.

22 July - Takamine Jōkichi death anniversary

 

Takamine Jōkichi, born on 03 November 1854, in Takaoka, Toyama Prefecture, Japan, was a pioneering chemist whose work had profound impacts on biochemistry and industrial chemistry. He was the son of a doctor and showed an early aptitude for science. Takamine studied at Osaka Medical School and the University of Tokyo, before continuing his education in chemical engineering at the University of Glasgow and Anderson College in Scotland.

Upon returning to Japan, Takamine worked for the Japanese government and played a crucial role in the modernization of Japan’s chemical industry. In 1884, he moved to the United States, where he would spend much of his professional life. Takamine founded the Takamine Ferment Company and later the Sankyo Company, which became one of Japan's leading pharmaceutical companies.

One of Takamine's most significant achievements was the isolation and crystallization of the hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) in 1901. This groundbreaking work made Takamine the first person to isolate a hormone in pure form, marking a major milestone in the field of endocrinology. His discovery had immediate applications in medicine, particularly in the treatment of asthma and anaphylactic shock.

In addition to his work on adrenaline, Takamine developed Takadiastase, an enzyme derived from a fungus, which was used to aid digestion and treat digestive disorders. This product was the first commercially produced microbial enzyme and found widespread use in both the brewing and pharmaceutical industries.

Takamine was also instrumental in fostering Japan-U.S. relations. He was a key figure in the gift of cherry blossom trees from Japan to the United States in 1912, which were planted in Washington, D.C., and continue to be a symbol of friendship between the two nations.

Takamine passed away on 22 July 1922, in New York City. His legacy is remembered through his pioneering scientific contributions and his role in enhancing international relations. His innovative spirit and dedication to scientific progress continue to inspire future generations.

22 July - Indra Lal Roy death anniversary

 

Indra Lal Roy, born on 02 December 1898, in Calcutta, India, was a trailblazing figure in military aviation history, becoming the first Indian to earn the title of flying ace during World War I. He was the son of Piera Lal Roy and Lolita Roy, a prominent family in British India. Educated at St. Paul's School, Hammersmith, and later at the University of Oxford, Roy's passion for aviation led him to join the Royal Flying Corps in April 1917.

Roy underwent pilot training and quickly demonstrated his prowess in the skies. By June 1918, he was posted to No. 40 Squadron of the Royal Flying Corps (later the Royal Air Force). During his service, Roy flew the SE5a, a single-seat fighter aircraft. His exceptional flying skills and courage were evident in his numerous aerial combats. Between 06 July and 19 July 1918, Roy achieved ten aerial victories, an impressive feat that earned him the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC).

Roy's aerial victories included five enemy aircraft destroyed and five others driven down out of control. His last combat mission took place on 22 July 1918, when he was involved in a dogfight with German fighters over Carvin, France. Tragically, Roy was shot down and killed in action. He was only 19 years old at the time of his death.

Indra Lal Roy's short but impactful career left an enduring legacy. He was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross in recognition of his bravery and skill. His contributions to military aviation are remembered as a testament to his courage and pioneering spirit. Roy's story continues to inspire future generations of aviators and serves as a proud chapter in the history of Indian military service.

22 July - Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj won the Fort of Vellore

 

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj indeed captured the Fort of Vellore in Tamil Nadu during his extensive campaigns in South India. This event is an important part of his southern conquests and strategic military efforts to expand the Maratha Empire.

Historical Context

• Southern Campaigns: In the latter part of his reign, Shivaji undertook several campaigns in southern India to expand his empire and secure strategic forts and territories. This was part of his broader strategy to weaken the Mughal and Bijapur Sultanates.
• Fort of Vellore: The Fort of Vellore, known for its architectural beauty and strategic importance, was one of the key targets during these campaigns. It served as a crucial military base for controlling the surrounding region.

Capture of Vellore

• Date of Capture: Historical records suggest that the capture of Vellore took place around  22 July 1678 during his southern expedition.
• Strategic Importance: The fort's capture provided Shivaji with a stronghold in Tamil Nadu, further consolidating his power in the southern part of India and disrupting the control of his adversaries.

Legacy

• Military Genius: The capture of such significant forts underlined Shivaji's reputation as a brilliant military strategist and an astute leader capable of bold and effective campaigns far from his base in Maharashtra.
• Cultural Impact: His victories in the south also helped to spread Maratha influence and culture beyond their traditional heartlands.

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's conquest of the Fort of Vellore remains a testament to his ambitious vision and military prowess in creating a formidable Maratha Empire.

22 July - Alexander Calder birth anniversary

 

Alexander Calder, the renowned American sculptor and artist, was born on July 22, 1898. He is best known for his innovative and influential work in the realm of modern art, particularly for his invention of the mobile, a type of kinetic sculpture that moves with the flow of air or when gently touched.

Calder was born into a family of artists in Lawnton, Pennsylvania, USA. He studied mechanical engineering before pursuing a career in art, which later proved to be a significant influence on his sculptural creations.

Throughout his career, Calder worked with various mediums, including wire, sheet metal, and other materials, to create sculptures that were both playful and elegant. His mobiles, characterized by their delicate balance and graceful movements, redefined the concept of sculpture and introduced a new dimension of space and motion to the art world.

In addition to his mobiles, Calder also created large-scale outdoor sculptures called "stabiles," which were stationary and often made from metal plates.

Calder's work had a profound impact on the development of modern art, and he is considered one of the most important sculptors of the 20th century. His contributions to the art world continue to be celebrated and admired worldwide.

Alexander Calder passed away on November 11, 1976, but his artistic legacy lives on through his captivating sculptures and enduring influence on contemporary art.