31 January - Alva Myrdal birth anniversary

 

Alva Myrdal (1902–1986) was a Swedish diplomat, politician, and social reformer. Here are some key aspects of her life and career:

1. Early Life and Education:

   • Alva Myrdal was born on 31 January 1902, in Uppsala, Sweden.
   • She studied at the University of Stockholm and later earned a doctorate in sociology.

2. Marriage to Gunnar Myrdal:

   • Alva Myrdal married economist Gunnar Myrdal in 1924. They had two children, including politician and diplomat Jan Myrdal.

3. Social Reform and Diplomacy:

   • Alva Myrdal was actively involved in social and political issues, advocating for social welfare, education, and disarmament.
   • She served as a Member of Parliament in Sweden from 1943 to 1947.
   • Alva and Gunnar Myrdal collaborated on a comprehensive study of race relations in the United States, resulting in the influential book "An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy."

4. International Diplomacy:

   • Alva Myrdal served as Sweden's Ambassador to India from 1955 to 1961.
   • She played a crucial role in disarmament efforts and was a key figure in the negotiations leading to the Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963.

5. Nobel Peace Prize:

   • In 1982, Alva Myrdal was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Mexican diplomat Alfonso García Robles for their work on disarmament.

6. Later Years:

   • Alva Myrdal continued to be involved in various international organizations and initiatives until her death.
   • She passed away on 01 February 1986, in Stockholm, Sweden.

Alva Myrdal left a lasting impact on Swedish and international affairs, particularly in the areas of disarmament, peace, and social justice.

 

31 January - The Great Eastern steamship launched in 1858

 

The Great Eastern, a large steamship designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel and John Scott Russell, was  launched at Millwall on January 31, 1858. The ship was notable for its massive size and innovative design, featuring five funnels. The Great Eastern was intended for both transatlantic passenger service and as a cable-laying ship.

Despite its technological advancements, the Great Eastern faced challenges, including financial difficulties and engineering issues. The ship's original purpose as a passenger liner was not as successful as hoped, but it later found use in laying the first successful transatlantic telegraph cable in 1866.

The launch of the Great Eastern marked a significant moment in maritime history, and the ship remains a fascinating example of Victorian engineering and innovation.

 

31 January - Sylvester I became the Bishop of Rome (Pope) in 314

 

Pope Sylvester I, also known as Saint Sylvester, was the bishop of Rome from 314 to his death in 335. He served as the Pope during a significant period in the history of the Christian Church. Here are some key points about Pope Sylvester I:

1. Tenure: Sylvester I became the Bishop of Rome (Pope) on January 31, 314. His pontificate lasted until his death on December 31, 335.

2. Council of Nicaea: One of the most notable events during Pope Sylvester's tenure was the First Council of Nicaea in 325. While Sylvester himself did not attend due to old age, he sent legates to represent him. The council addressed theological controversies, particularly the Arian heresy, and formulated the Nicene Creed.

3. Constantine the Great: Sylvester I is traditionally associated with the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great. According to legend, Sylvester supposedly cured Constantine of leprosy, leading to the emperor's conversion to Christianity. However, many historians consider this story to be more of a legend than a historical fact.

4. Construction of Churches: Pope Sylvester I is said to have contributed to the construction of several churches in Rome. The Basilica of St. John Lateran is traditionally linked to him.

5. Death: Pope Sylvester I died on December 31, 335. He was buried in the Church of St. Praxedes in Rome.

Pope Sylvester I is recognized as a saint in the Catholic Church, and his feast day is celebrated on December 31. It's important to note that historical accounts from this period can sometimes be intertwined with legend and tradition, and separating fact from myth can be challenging.

30 January - National Cleanliness Day

 

National Cleanliness Day in India is observed every year on January 30. The significance of this day is to promote awareness regarding cleanliness and sanitation as a way of life.

Swachh Bharat mission was launch by honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi, on 2 October 2014 to pay tribute of Mahatma Gandhi. The idea behind this mission was to eliminate Open Defecation and to improve waste management and or waste disposal.

India post issued a Miniature Sheet on ‘Swachh Bharat’ in 2015 featuring a set of three postage stamps on the theme of ‘Swachh Bharat’.

30 January - "City Lights" is a silent romantic comedy film releasedin 1931

 

"City Lights" is a silent romantic comedy film written, directed by, and starring Charlie Chaplin. It was released on January 30, 1931, in the United States. While the film itself was released on this date, the premiere actually took place on January 21, 1931, at Los Angeles' Strand Theater.

"City Lights" is often considered one of Chaplin's masterpieces and one of the greatest films ever made. It tells the story of the Tramp, played by Chaplin, who falls in love with a blind flower girl. The film explores themes of poverty, love, and the importance of human connections.

One of the notable aspects of "City Lights" is that it was released well into the era of talking pictures, yet Chaplin chose to make it as a silent film with a synchronized musical score and sound effects. The decision to stick with silent cinema in an age of talkies was a testament to Chaplin's belief in the universal language of visual storytelling.

The film received critical acclaim for its emotional depth, humor, and Chaplin's performance. The final scene of "City Lights" is particularly famous for its poignant and emotional impact. It showcases Chaplin's ability to convey powerful messages without spoken words.

"City Lights" is widely regarded as a classic and has stood the test of time, continuing to be celebrated for its artistic achievements and contributions to the world of cinema.

 

30 January - Dr. Ernst Heinkel death anniversary

 

Dr. Ernst Heinkel (24 January 1888 – 30 January 1958) was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer, best known for his work in the aviation industry, particularly during the period leading up to and during World War II. He was the founder of the Heinkel Flugzeugwerke (Heinkel Aircraft Works), a major aircraft manufacturing company in Germany.

Heinkel played a significant role in the development of military aircraft for the German Luftwaffe. One of his notable contributions was the design of the Heinkel He 111, a twin-engine bomber used extensively by the Luftwaffe during the early years of World War II. The He 111 became one of the most recognizable and widely used German bombers during the conflict.

In addition to bombers, Heinkel was involved in the design of fighter aircraft. One of his notable fighter aircraft was the Heinkel He 112, which competed with the Messerschmitt Bf 109 to become the standard fighter for the Luftwaffe. The Bf 109 ultimately won the competition, but Heinkel's contributions to military aviation were still significant.

During the war, Heinkel's factories were also involved in the production of the Heinkel He 177, a long-range heavy bomber. However, this aircraft faced various technical challenges, and its production was not as successful as other German bombers.

After World War II, Ernst Heinkel was arrested by the Allies, and his company was dismantled. Heinkel faced some legal troubles but later continued his career in the aviation industry. In the post-war period, he worked on various projects, including helicopters and turbojet engines.

Ernst Heinkel's legacy is mixed, as his contributions to the German aviation industry were significant, but his involvement in the production of military aircraft during the war has been a subject of historical debate and scrutiny.

 

30 January - Douglas Engelbart birth anniversary

 

Douglas Engelbart (1925–2013) was an American computer scientist and inventor, best known for his pioneering work in the development of early computer technologies and his vision for human-computer interaction. He is particularly renowned for his contributions to the invention of the computer mouse.

Engelbart was born on 30 January 1925, in Portland, Oregon. He earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Oregon State University in 1948 and later received a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1955.

In the 1960s, while working at the Stanford Research Institute (SRI), Engelbart and his team developed a range of groundbreaking technologies as part of the Augmentation Research Center. One of his most significant contributions was the development of the oN-Line System (NLS), which featured the first implementation of the computer mouse. The mouse was a crucial innovation for interacting with computers, and its design became a standard input device that remains in use today.

In a landmark demonstration on December 9, 1968, Engelbart showcased a comprehensive set of technologies that would later become foundational elements of modern computing. This demonstration, often referred to as "The Mother of All Demos," showcased the mouse, graphical user interface, hypertext, video conferencing, and collaborative editing systems. Engelbart's vision was centered around enhancing human intelligence through the use of computers, and his work laid the groundwork for many of the technologies we use in computing today.

Douglas Engelbart's contributions earned him numerous awards and honors, including the National Medal of Technology and Innovation. His work had a profound impact on the development of interactive computing and has influenced the way we interact with computers and information technology.

 

30 January - The MV Wilhelm Gustloff disaster 1945

 

The Wilhelm Gustloff disaster refers to the sinking of the German passenger ship MV Wilhelm Gustloff during World War II. The tragedy occurred on January 30, 1945, in the Baltic Sea. The ship was named after Wilhelm Gustloff, a Nazi leader of the Swiss branch of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP).

On that fateful day, the Wilhelm Gustloff was evacuating German civilians, military personnel, and refugees from East Prussia as the Soviet Red Army advanced towards the region. The ship, which was designed to accommodate around 1,900 passengers, was heavily overloaded with an estimated 10,000 to 12,000 people on board.

In the evening of January 30, 1945, the Wilhelm Gustloff was torpedoed by the Soviet submarine S-13, commanded by Captain Alexander Marinesko. The ship sank rapidly, and the freezing cold waters claimed the lives of thousands. The exact number of casualties is difficult to determine due to the chaotic circumstances and the lack of accurate passenger manifests. However, it is estimated that between 5,000 and 9,000 people lost their lives in what became one of the deadliest maritime disasters in history.

The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff is a tragic episode in the context of World War II, illustrating the human cost of war and the impact on civilians caught in the midst of conflict.

29 January - INS Nirupak decommissioned from Indian Navy

 

INS Nirupak, an indigenously designed and built survey ship of the Indian Navy, was decommissioned on 29 January 2024, after 38 years of distinguished service. The decommissioning ceremony was held at the Naval Dockyard in Visakhapatnam and presided over by Vice Admiral Adhir Arora, Chief Hydrographer to the Government of India​ (Indian Navy)​​ (Indian Defence News)​​ (Deccan Chronicle)​.

Commissioned on August 14, 1985, INS Nirupak played a pivotal role in hydrographic surveys, significantly contributing to navigational safety and scientific understanding of oceanography in the Indian Ocean Region. The ship was also actively involved in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations, notably during the 2004 Tsunami Relief (Operation Gambhir), where it provided critical support as a hospital ship to Indonesia​

Throughout its service, INS Nirupak was recognized for its excellence, receiving the Admiral Jal Cursetji Rolling Trophy for the best survey ship multiple times. The ship's legacy includes advancements in hydrographic data collection that have greatly benefited naval operations and scientific research​

The decommissioning of INS Nirupak marks the end of an era for the Indian Navy, but it also opens a new chapter as four state-of-the-art survey ships are expected to join the fleet between 2024 and 2026, enhancing India's hydrographic capabilities with the latest technology​.

29 January - Robert Frost death anniversary

 

Robert Frost (26 March 1874 –  29 January 1963) was an American poet renowned for his depictions of rural life in New England and his mastery of everyday speech. He is one of the most celebrated and well-known poets in American literature, winning four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry. Here are some key points about Robert Frost:

1. Early Life: Robert Lee Frost was born in San Francisco, California, but his family moved to Lawrence, Massachusetts, after his father's death. Frost's early experiences in rural New England significantly influenced his poetry.

2. Education: Frost attended Dartmouth College and later Harvard University but did not complete his degree. He held various jobs, including teaching and farming, before focusing on poetry.

3. Poetry Collections: Some of Frost's notable poetry collections include "A Boy's Will" (1913), "North of Boston" (1914), "Mountain Interval" (1916), and "New Hampshire" (1923). His poems often explore themes of nature, rural life, and the human condition.

4. Frost's Style: Frost's poetry is known for its use of rural settings, vivid imagery, and the use of colloquial language. He often portrayed complex and ambiguous themes within seemingly simple, everyday scenes.

5. Famous Poems: Some of Frost's most famous poems include "The Road Not Taken," "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening," "Birches," and "Mending Wall."

6. Pulitzer Prizes: Frost won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times: in 1924 for "New Hampshire," in 1931 for "Collected Poems," in 1937 for "A Further Range," and in 1943 for "A Witness Tree."

7. Connections to England: Frost spent a significant amount of time in England and developed friendships with several British poets, including Edward Thomas. Thomas played a crucial role in encouraging Frost's poetry.

8. Legacy: Robert Frost's poetry has left a lasting impact on American literature. His work is widely studied and appreciated for its depth, simplicity, and the exploration of universal themes.

9. Later Years: In 1961, Frost recited his poem "The Gift Outright" at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. He continued to write and receive accolades until his death in Boston on 29 January 1963.

Robert Frost's contribution to American literature and poetry continues to be celebrated, and his poems are regularly anthologized and studied in schools and universities.

 

29 January - George Fernandes death anniversary

 

George Fernandes ( 03 June 1930 – 29 January 2019) was an Indian politician, trade unionist, and social activist. He played a prominent role in Indian politics for several decades and held various important positions in the government. Here are some key points about George Fernandes:

1. Early Life and Activism: George Fernandes was born in Mangalore, Karnataka. He started his political career as a trade union leader and played a crucial role in organizing workers, especially during the 1960s.

2. Political Career: He was associated with various political parties during his career, including the Socialist Party, Janata Dal, and later, the Samata Party. He was known for his anti-establishment stance and advocacy for the rights of workers and farmers.

3. Emergency Period: Fernandes was a prominent opposition figure during the Emergency (1975-1977) imposed by then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. He was arrested during this period and faced charges under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA).

4. Railway Minister: He served as the Railway Minister of India from 1989 to 1990 and again from 1998 to 2000. He was known for his efforts to improve the Indian Railways during his tenure.

5. Defense Minister: George Fernandes served as the Defense Minister of India from 1998 to 2004. He played a crucial role during the Kargil War with Pakistan in 1999.

6. Controversies: Fernandes was associated with various controversies during his career, including the alleged corruption in defense deals, most notably the Coffin-gate scandal.

7. Later Years: In his later years, George Fernandes faced health issues, including Alzheimer's disease. He passed away on January 29, 2019, at the age of 88.

George Fernandes left a lasting impact on Indian politics, particularly for his role in the labor movement, opposition to the Emergency, and his contributions as a minister in the government.

 

29 January - Subhas Chandra Bose become the President of the Indian National Congress in 1938

 

Subhas Chandra Bose become the President of the Indian National Congress on January 29, 1938, during the 51st session of the Congress held in Haripura, Gujarat. This marked a significant moment in the Indian independence movement, as Bose's presidency represented a shift towards a more radical approach to achieving independence from British rule. He served as Congress President for two consecutive terms, 1938-1939 and 1939-1940, before his ideological differences with the mainstream leadership led him to form the Forward Bloc and pursue his revolutionary activities.

29 January - The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture was founded

 

The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture (RKMIC) was founded in 29 January 1938 in Kolkata, India. It is a part of the Ramakrishna Mission, which was established by Swami Vivekananda, a disciple of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. The primary objective of the Institute of Culture is to promote the study and research in various aspects of Indian culture, philosophy, literature, and the arts.

The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture conducts seminars, lectures, workshops, and cultural programs to facilitate the exploration and dissemination of knowledge related to Indian culture. It also has a library that houses a vast collection of books, manuscripts, and other resources on diverse subjects.

It's important to note that the Ramakrishna Mission, including its cultural and educational institutions, has been actively involved in various social and humanitarian activities in addition to its focus on spiritual and cultural pursuits.

 

29 January - The Seeing Eye Dog organization is formed in 1929

 

The Seeing Eye, the first guide dog training school in the United States, was founded in 29 January 1929 by Morris Frank and Dorothy Harrison Eustis. Morris Frank, a young man who had lost his sight in a boxing accident, learned about guide dogs in Switzerland and was inspired to bring the concept to the United States.

Dorothy Eustis, an American dog trainer living in Switzerland, had been training dogs to assist individuals with visual impairments. Morris Frank contacted her, expressing his interest in having a guide dog. Together, they laid the foundation for The Seeing Eye organization. Eustis wrote an article titled "The Seeing Eye" for the Saturday Evening Post in 1927, outlining the potential benefits of guide dogs. This article caught the attention of Frank, who reached out to Eustis, and the two collaborated to establish The Seeing Eye.

The organization was officially founded in 1929, and the first guide dog school in the United States began its operations. Morris Frank's guide dog, Buddy, was one of the first dogs trained by The Seeing Eye. The organization has since played a pivotal role in training and providing guide dogs to individuals with visual impairments, significantly contributing to the development of guide dog programs worldwide.

28 January - National Pediatrician Day

 
National Pediatrician Day is observed annually on January 28th to honor the dedicated medical professionals who specialize in children's health. The term "pediatrician" originates from Greek, meaning "healer of children," reflecting their vital role in caring for the youngest members of society.
National Today

The field of pediatrics has a rich history, with early forms of child-specific medical care existing in ancient civilizations such as India, Greece, the Byzantine Empire, and Persia. The first pediatric hospital, Hôpital des Enfants Malades, opened in Paris in 1802, exclusively treating patients up to the age of 15. In the United States, the inaugural children's hospital was established in Philadelphia in 1855.
National Today

On this day, it's customary to express gratitude to pediatricians for their unwavering commitment to children's health. This can be done through positive reviews, referrals, or simple gestures of appreciation. Additionally, it's an opportunity to educate oneself about the importance of pediatric care and the critical role these specialists play in preventive health measures, such as timely vaccinations.
The Tribune

In India, National Pediatrician Day is also observed on January 28th, aligning with the global recognition of pediatricians' contributions to child health and well-being.

By celebrating National Pediatrician Day, we acknowledge the essential role these medical professionals play in ensuring a healthier future for our children.

28 January - The Supreme Court of India was inaugurated in 1950

 

The Supreme Court of India was inaugurated on January 28, 1950. This coincided with the adoption of the Constitution of India, as the Supreme Court is the highest judicial body in the country, and its establishment marked a significant milestone in the nation's legal and constitutional history. The Supreme Court of India is located in New Delhi and serves as the final court of appeal and the guardian of the Constitution.

#SupremeCourtOfIndia

28 January - William Bates Yeats death'anniversary

 

William Butler Yeats passed away on 28 January 1939 was an Irish poet, playwright, and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. He played a crucial role in the Irish Literary Revival and co-founded the Abbey Theatre. Yeats received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923.

His poetry, known for its rich symbolism and mysticism, explores themes of love, Irish folklore, and the complexities of human experience. Some of his notable works include "The Second Coming," "The Tower," and "The Lake Isle of Innisfree."

Aside from his literary pursuits, Yeats was involved in Irish politics and was appointed a senator in the Irish Free State in 1922. His influence extended beyond literature, shaping the cultural and political landscape of Ireland during a critical period.

28 January - National Lego Day USA

 

The colorful plastic bricks known as Lego have entertained children (and adults) around the world for nearly 70 years. Lego is used to make toy buildings, vehicles, creatures, machines, anything imaginable — and they can be taken apart and put back together as often as you’d like. That means endless creative play. National Lego Day, on January 28, celebrates these incredibly ingenious and enriching toys.

 

28 January - National Daisy Day USA

 

This Daisy Day is possibly an offshoot of an old tradition that took place at the Hook Lighthouse, Wexford, Ireland, in which daisies where hunted for the New Year.

The daisy, formally known as the Asteraceae or Compositae, has more than 23,000 varieties. The name daisy is derived from the Old English dægesege or dæges eage, which means “day’s eye” because the petals of the common daisy open at dawn and close at dus

Daisies symbolize purity, innocence, virtue, patience, and simplicity. Conversely, in Norse mythology they mean love, sensuality, and fertility

Refrence: https://web-holidays.com/blog/2014/01/28/daisy-day/

y.k.ity.

28 January - The word "PAKISTAN" was used for the first time by Chaudhry Rahmat Ali (1897-1951) in a pamphlet

 

On 28 January 1933, Chaudhry Rahmat Ali, a Pakistani nationalist, used the word "PAKISTAN" for the first time in a pamphlet titled "Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?". In this pamphlet, Ali presented the idea of an independent Muslim state, which he called "PAKISTAN," as an acronym representing the regions that would constitute the proposed nation: Punjab, Afghania (North-West Frontier Province), Kashmir, Sindh, and Baluchistan.

This early articulation of the idea laid the foundation for the demand for a separate nation for Muslims in British India, eventually leading to the creation of Pakistan in 1947 when India gained independence. The name "Pakistan" became a reality with the establishment of the country on 14 August 1947.

26 January - Bharat Ratna, India's highest award, was given to Ustad Bismillah Khan

 

Ustad Bismillah Khan was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, on January 26, 2001. The Bharat Ratna is typically announced on Republic Day, which is celebrated on January 26th each year. Ustad Bismillah Khan's contributions to Indian classical music, particularly his mastery of the shehnai, were recognized with this honor in 2001.

26 January - Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) Day

 

The declaration of 26 January 1930, as Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) Day is associated with the Indian independence movement. On this day, the Indian National Congress, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, issued a declaration known as the "Purna Swaraj Declaration" or the "Declaration of Independence."

The declaration marked a significant moment in India's struggle for independence from British rule. The Indian National Congress, along with other leaders of the independence movement, asserted the nation's right to self-determination and complete sovereignty. It called for the rejection of British colonial rule and the establishment of a sovereign republic in India.

26 January 1930, was chosen as the date for the declaration because it was the anniversary of the 1915 declaration by the Indian National Congress to demand dominion status for India. The day was later adopted as India's Republic Day, which commemorates the enactment of the Constitution of India and the country's transition to a republic on 26 January 1950.

 

26 January - National Spouse Day

 

National Spouse Day is finally here! Other than Valentine’s Day, this is the only worldwide holiday that gives couples a chance to spoil each other, to take time out of their busy schedules, and to tend to their love. It’s a chance to celebrate your spouse and show your better half that they are indeed appreciated. Let’s admit, sometimes married couples need reminders to leave the hamster wheel that is everyday life. January 26 however is the remedy to all couples’ woes. Though the day is named National Spouses Day and seemingly refers to married couples only, nowadays, this day can also be linked to many people who are not married. What’s better than feeling appreciated by your soulmate? So, let’s celebrate happiness on this love filled day.

26 January - International Environmental Education Day

 

International Environmental Education Day, which falls on January 26, is observed all over the world in the hopes of improving the relationship between our fellow humans and nature itself. It seeks to identify and find solutions to certain environmental issues, both globally and locally. With this, a collective and effective process is made available to reach more like-minded people who want to make a difference for our world itself. Aside from just assessing these issues, the main goal for this day is to bring about awareness for the motivation to continue on this endeavor. Once this has been achieved, motivation to act with the right forward-thinking and knowledge can bring about a sustainable change for today and future generations as well.  You can find a list of science scholarships to enhance the effect of this journey through education from the leading schools and institutes in the country, for the betterment of the environment and our future.

26 January - Rum Rebellion

 

The Rum Rebellion was a significant event in Australian history, taking place in New South Wales, which was then a penal colony of the British Empire. The rebellion occurred in 1808 and was the only successful armed takeover of government in Australian history.

Key points about the Rum Rebellion:

1. Background: New South Wales was initially established as a penal colony, and Governor William Bligh was appointed to the position in 1806. Bligh, however, faced various challenges, including conflicts with the military and settlers over issues such as trade, land grants, and the distribution of supplies.

2. Rum Trade: One of the major sources of conflict was the control of the rum trade. Rum was used as a form of currency in the colony, and Bligh attempted to regulate and restrict its use. This decision angered influential figures involved in the trade.

3. Arrest of Bligh: On January 26, 1808, John Macarthur, a prominent figure in the New South Wales Corps (a military unit stationed in the colony), led a rebellion against Governor Bligh. Bligh was placed under house arrest, and Macarthur assumed control of the colony.

4. Rule of the New South Wales Corps: The rebellion resulted in the establishment of a provisional government under the leadership of Major George Johnston, the commander of the New South Wales Corps. This marked the only time in Australian history when a government was overthrown by a military coup.

5. Aftermath: The British government in London was slow to respond, and it took several months before a replacement for Bligh, Major-General Lachlan Macquarie, arrived to restore order. Macquarie arrived in New South Wales in 1810, and under his leadership, the colony saw significant social and economic reforms.

The Rum Rebellion had lasting implications for the governance of New South Wales, and it highlighted the challenges and power struggles in the early years of European settlement in Australia. The event is a notable chapter in Australia's colonial history.

26 January - NRM Liberation Day Uganda

 

The National Resistance Movement (NRM) Liberation Day is a significant celebration in Uganda, commemorating the day when the National Resistance Army (NRA), led by Yoweri Museveni, captured Kampala, the capital of Uganda, on January 26, 1986. This event marked the end of years of conflict and brought about the establishment of the current government.

Yoweri Museveni, who is the current President of Uganda, led the NRM in a rebellion against the government of Milton Obote and later against the regime of Tito Okello. The capture of Kampala by the NRA on January 26, 1986, is often referred to as the culmination of the "Liberation War," and it led to the installation of Museveni as the President of Uganda.

NRM Liberation Day is celebrated annually on January 26th in Uganda. The day is marked by various events, including parades, ceremonies, and speeches, to commemorate the achievements of the NRM and the establishment of a new government in Uganda. It is considered a public holiday, and the celebrations often include reflections on the country's progress since the end of the conflict.

 

26 January - Rocky Mountain National Park was established

 

Rocky Mountain National Park, located in the U.S. state of Colorado, was established on January 26, 1915. President Woodrow Wilson signed the legislation into law, officially creating the park. Spanning over 415 square miles (1,075 square kilometers), the park is renowned for its stunning mountainous landscapes, alpine lakes, diverse ecosystems, and abundant wildlife.

Rocky Mountain National Park attracts millions of visitors each year who come to explore its scenic trails, witness its wildlife, and enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing. The park is particularly known for its impressive mountain peaks, including Longs Peak, which stands at an elevation of 14,259 feet (4,346 meters), making it the highest point in the park.

The establishment of Rocky Mountain National Park was a significant step in the conservation and preservation of natural landscapes in the United States, contributing to the protection of the unique and diverse ecosystems found in the Rocky Mountains.

 

25 January - Virginia Woolf birth anniversary

 

Virginia Woolf was born on 25 January 1882, and she died on 28 March  1941. Woolf was an English writer and modernist literary figure known for her novels, essays, and contributions to the Bloomsbury Group, a circle of intellectuals and artists who influenced British culture in the early 20th century. Some of her notable works include "Mrs. Dalloway," "To the Lighthouse," and "Orlando." Woolf is celebrated for her innovative narrative techniques, psychological depth, and exploration of themes such as gender, identity, and the nature of consciousness.

25 January - National Opposite Day USA

 

National Opposite Day is a fun day where you can say the opposite of what you mean! It’s a great opportunity to make everyone laugh by saying the opposite of what you would usually say. It also gives you the opportunity to be a little bit cheeky and say the things you have always wanted to say but never usually do. After all, you’re only saying it because it is National Opposite Day, right? You can also do activities in the wrong order. For example, you could decide to have breakfast for dinner – pancakes anyone? You could even wear your clothes backward! It’s up to you how much you want to embrace the theme of this day.

25 January - Tatiana Day

 

Tatiana Day is celebrated on January 25th. It is a Russian and Eastern Orthodox Christian holiday that honors Saint Tatiana, who was a Christian martyr during the persecution of the Eastern Orthodox Church under the Roman Emperor Alexander Severus. She is considered the patron saint of students.

In Russia, Tatiana Day is often associated with the beginning of the exam period for students. Students may attend church services dedicated to Saint Tatiana, and educational institutions may organize special events and celebrations. It is a day to seek inspiration and blessings for academic pursuits.

The observance of Tatiana Day is more prevalent in Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries where Saint Tatiana is venerated. The ways of celebrating can vary, but it often involves a mix of religious observances and cultural events, particularly for students.

 

25 January - National Florida Day

 

National Florida Day is celebrated on January 25 every year. The day was established to recognize Florida’s arrival as the 27th state in the union of the U.S. Also known as the Sunshine State, Florida is famous for its warm and sunny weather and beautiful landscape. The average Florida temperature ranges from 65 to 70 degrees in the northern region and 74 to 77 degrees in the southern region. The climate makes swimming in the cool waters of Florida beaches extra refreshing! Florida also has amusement parks and many recreational outdoor activities. It’s an active and serene place to be.

25 January - National Irish Coffee Day USA

 

National Irish Coffee Day is celebrated on January 25th each year. It is a day dedicated to honoring the popular and delightful Irish Coffee beverage. Irish Coffee typically consists of hot coffee, Irish whiskey, and sugar, stirred, and then topped with cream. The day serves as an opportunity for coffee enthusiasts and those who appreciate this classic cocktail to celebrate and enjoy a cup of Irish Coffee.

25 January - Ramabai Ranade

 

Ramabai Ranade (25 January 1862 – 25 January 1924) was an Indian social worker and one of the first women's rights activists in the early 20th century. At the age of 11, she was married to Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade, who was a distinguished Indian scholar and social reformer.

Ramabai, soon after her marriage, started to learn reading and writing with strong support and encouragement from Mahadev Govind Ranade. Starting with her native language Marathi, she strove hard to master English. In 1884, Ramabai with her husband and other colleagues established country's one of the first girls' high school Huzurpaga, in Pune.[1]

Inspired by her husband, Ramabai started 'Hindu Ladies Social Club' in Mumbai to develop public speaking among women.After the death of her husband, Ramabai devoted the rest of her life to the betterment of women's lives mainly through the activities 'Seva Sadan Society' in Mumbai and Pune.

She was the founder and president of the Poona "Seva Sadan", which is the most successful of all Indian women's institution and is attended by thousands of women. The immense popularity of the institution was due to the fact that it was under Ramabai's close personal supervision.

24 January - The Constituent Assembly of India adopts Vande Mataram as the National Song of India

 

Vande Mataram is a poem written in Sanskrit and Sanskritised Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in the 1870s. The first two verses of the poem were adopted as the National Song of India in October 1937 by the Congress.

The poem was first published in 1882 as part of Chatterjee's Bengali novel Anandmath.It is an ode to the motherland, personified as the "mother goddess" in later verses, of the people. This initially referred to Bengal, with the "mother" figure therefore being Banga Mata (Mother Bengal), though the text does not mention this explicitly.Indian nationalist and philosopher Sri Aurobindo referred Vande Mataram as the "national Anthem of Bengal".

Nonetheless, the poem played a vital role in the Indian independence movement. It first gained political significance when it was recited by Rabindranath Tagore at Congress in 1896.By 1905, it had become a popular amongst political activists and freedom fighters as a marching song.The song, as well as Anandmath, were banned under British colonial rule under threat of imprisonment, making its use revolutionary. The ban was ultimately overturned by the Indian government upon independence in 1947.

On 24 January 1950, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Vande Mataram as the Republic's national song. President of India Rajendra Prasad stated that the song should be honoured equally with the national anthem of India, Jana Gana Mana. While the Constitution of India does not make reference to a "national song", the Government filed an affidavit at the Delhi High Court in November 2022 stating that Jana Gana Mana and Vande Mataram would “stand on the same level”, and that citizens should show equal respect to both.

The first two verses of the song make abstract reference to the "mother" and "motherland", without any religious connotation. However, later verses mention Hindu goddesses such as Durga.

Unlike the national anthem, there are no rules or decorum to be observed when reciting Vande Mataram

 

24 January - Global Belly Laugh Day

 

On January 24th, Global Belly Laugh Day celebrates the wonderful gift of laughter. It’s also a day to experience the positive effects of smiling and laughing.

Have you ever laughed loudly without restraint? If so, you had what’s called a belly laugh. This type of laugh comes from deep within. The term “belly laugh” was coined in the 1920s. It refers to a moving belly while laughing loudly.

24 January - National Lobster Thermidor Day USA

 

National Lobster Thermidor Day is on January 24, and we’re here to show you how you can celebrate this day in an amazing way. Do you know that the recipe for Lobster Thermidor is 117 years old? It is a French dish of lobster meat cooked in a rich wine sauce, stuffed back into a lobster shell, and browned. The sauce is a mixture of egg yolks and brandy (such as Cognac), served with an oven-browned cheese crust. One of the trademarks of the dish is that it is served in the lobster tails.

 

24 January - Constituent assembly signed the constitution of India.

 

On January 24, 1950, the Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly. Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who was the President of the Constituent Assembly, signed the Constitution, marking the official adoption of the Constitution of India. The adoption of the Constitution on January 26, 1950, also declared India as a sovereign democratic republic. Since then, January 26 is celebrated annually as Republic Day in India.

23 January - National Clashing Clothes Day

 

National Clashing Clothes Day is celebrate on the fourth Thursday in January every year. On this day, people are encouraged to dress in clashing clothing items from head to toe. Anything that is in a neutral color like white, black, or gray is a no-go today! Navy and brown also match with most colors, and therefore they aren’t welcome on Clashing Clothes Day! Today is merely a day to have fun with your outfit and show up in the brightest, silliest of hues, without the fashion police raining on your parade. Mix colors, prints, and textures, and you’ll be clash-tastic in no time.

23 January - Shahaji Bhonsle death anniversary

 

Shahaji Bhonsle, commonly known as Shahaji Raje, was a prominent Maratha warrior and military leader in the 17th century. He played a crucial role in the early years of the Maratha Empire and was the father of the renowned Maratha king Shivaji Maharaj.

Key points about Shahaji Raje:

1. Birth and Background: Shahaji was born in 18 March 1594 in the Bhonsle family, a Maratha warrior clan. His father, Maloji Bhonsle, served the Deccan Sultanates.

2. Service to Adil Shah: Shahaji initially served the Adil Shahi Sultanate of Bijapur, and he held significant positions in the Deccan military.

3. Conflict with the Mughals: Shahaji had conflicts with the Mughals, and he shifted his allegiance to the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan for a brief period. However, he faced difficulties and ultimately returned to the Adil Shahi service.

4. Family and Children: Shahaji Raje had several wives, and among his notable children were Shivaji Maharaj, who went on to establish the Maratha Empire, and Venkoji (Ekoji), who became the first Maratha ruler of Thanjavur.

5. Role in Establishing Maratha Power: Shahaji's son, Shivaji, played a crucial role in establishing the Maratha Empire. However, Shahaji himself faced challenges, shifting alliances, and political complexities during his lifetime.

6. Later Years: Shahaji spent his later years in southern India, particularly in Karnataka. He passed away in 23 January 1664.

While Shahaji Raje is not as well-known as his son Shivaji, his contributions to the early Maratha state and his role in shaping the destiny of the Maratha people are significant. The legacy of the Bhonsle family, under both Shahaji and Shivaji, played a pivotal role in the history of the Maratha Empire.

 

23 January - The First Philippine Republic Day 1899

 

The First Philippine Republic Day refers to the proclamation of the First Philippine Republic on January 23, 1899. This event occurred during the Philippine-American War, which followed the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898.

Here is a brief overview of the key events leading up to and surrounding the First Philippine Republic:

1. Declaration of Independence (June 12, 1898): On this day, General Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of the revolutionary forces, declared the independence of the Philippines from Spanish rule in Kawit, Cavite. The proclamation marked the birth of the First Philippine Republic.

2. Philippine-American War (1899-1902): After the Philippines declared independence, tensions arose between Filipino nationalists and American forces, leading to the Philippine-American War. This conflict began in February 1899.

3. Establishment of the First Philippine Republic (January 23, 1899): Despite ongoing hostilities with American forces, the Malolos Congress convened on January 21, 1899, and drafted the Malolos Constitution. Two days later, on January 23, 1899, the First Philippine Republic was formally inaugurated in Malolos, Bulacan, with Emilio Aguinaldo sworn in as the President.

4. Continued Conflict: The establishment of the republic did not bring an end to the Philippine-American War, which continued until 1902. The conflict resulted in the defeat of Filipino forces, and the Philippines ultimately became an American colony until gaining independence in 1946.

While January 23, 1899, marks the inauguration of the First Philippine Republic, June 12, 1898, is celebrated as the Philippine Independence Day, signifying the declaration of independence from Spanish rule.

 

23 January - William George Morgan birth anniversary

 

William George Morgan (23 January 1870 – 27 December 1942) was an American physical education instructor who is credited with the invention of the sport of volleyball. Morgan was born in Lockport, New York, and he developed volleyball in 1895 as a recreational activity that could be played indoors to provide a less strenuous alternative to basketball.

Originally called "Mintonette," Morgan's new game involved a net and was designed to be a combination of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball. The name "volleyball" was later adopted to better describe the nature of the game, as players volleyed a ball back and forth over a net. The first official game of volleyball was played at the International YMCA Training School in Holyoke, Massachusetts, where Morgan worked.

Volleyball quickly gained popularity and evolved into a widely played and organized sport around the world. Morgan's creation has become one of the most popular sports globally, played both recreationally and competitively. He left a lasting impact on the world of sports through the invention of volleyball.

 

23 January - Yogiji Maharaj death anniversary

 

Yogiji Maharaj (23 May 1892 – 23 January 1971), born Jina Vasani, was a Hindu swami and the fourth spiritual successor of Swaminarayan in the Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha (BAPS),a major branch of the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. According to the metaphysics of BAPS, Yogiji Maharaj is considered to be the next iteration of Akshar after Shastriji Maharaj in the guru parampara, an unbroken line of "perfect devotees" who provide "authentication of office through Gunatitanand Swami and back to Swaminarayan himself." Together with Pramukh Swami Maharaj, who acted as the administrative head of BAPS, he was instrumental in nurturing the growth of BAPS "through new programs, expansion into new areas, and the construction of temples".As guru, he consecrated over 60 temples and visited over 4000 towns and villages. He was particularly effective in attracting the devotion of youths and initiated a large number of them as ascetics.Furthermore, his multiple tours to Britain and East Africa were integral in the overseas expansion of BAPS. He died on 23 January 1971 after appointing Pramukh Swami Maharaj as his successor. 

23 January - National King Day

 

National King Day takes place on January 23. The name King is predominantly a male American name meaning ‘ruler.’ In a variety of contexts, a male ruler is referred to as a king. In religion, the word ‘king’ is significant. A prominent legend says that monarchs must die in order to ensure the welfare of their subjects. It’s documented in Sir James Frazer’s “Golden Bough,” which offers numerous examples of beliefs that a king “must be murdered as soon as his abilities begin to weaken.”

22 January - Ursula Kroeber Le Guin death anniversary

 

Ursula Kroeber Le Guin (October 21, 1929 – January 22, 2018) was an American author known for her contributions to speculative fiction, including science fiction and fantasy. Le Guin's work often explored themes of anthropology, sociology, psychology, and gender, making her a prominent figure in the literary world.

Some of her most famous works include:

1. The Left Hand of Darkness (1969): This novel is part of Le Guin's Hainish Cycle and explores themes of gender and sexuality on a distant planet.

2. A Wizard of Earthsea (1968): The first book in the Earthsea series, this novel is a coming-of-age story set in a world of magic.

3. The Dispossessed (1974): Another novel from the Hainish Cycle, it examines the contrasting social and political structures of two neighboring planets.

4. The Lathe of Heaven (1971): A novel that explores the consequences of a man whose dreams can alter reality.

Ursula K. Le Guin received numerous awards for her work, including multiple Hugo, Nebula, and Locus Awards. Her contributions to speculative fiction and her thought-provoking exploration of social and philosophical themes have left a lasting impact on the genre. Le Guin passed away on January 22, 2018, but her legacy continues through her influential body of work.