Shah Jahan was the fifth ruler of the Mughal Empire in India, born on 05 January 1592, in Lahore, present-day Pakistan. His birth name was Khurram. He was the son of Emperor Jahangir and the grandson of Akbar the Great. Shah Jahan became the Mughal emperor in 1628 after a series of power struggles within the royal family.
One of the most notable aspects of Shah Jahan's reign was his deep love for his wife Mumtaz Mahal. When she died during childbirth in 1631, Shah Jahan was grief-stricken and commissioned the construction of the Taj Mahal as a mausoleum to honor her memory.
Shah Jahan ruled for about 30 years but faced challenges from his own sons. In 1658, he was deposed and imprisoned by his son Aurangzeb. Shah Jahan spent the last years of his life in captivity, gazing at the Taj Mahal from the Agra Fort, where he died on 22 January 1666.
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