Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth Guru of Sikhism, born on 01 April 1621, in Amritsar, India. He was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind, the sixth Guru, and Mata Nanaki. Guru Tegh Bahadur became the Sikh Guru on March 20, 1665, following the martyrdom of his father, Guru Harkrishan.
Guru Tegh Bahadur is particularly known for his martyrdom in defense of religious freedom. During his time as Guru, the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb was persecuting non-Muslims, and the Kashmiri Pandits sought his help to protect their right to practice their religion. In response to this, Guru Tegh Bahadur sacrificed his life for the cause of religious freedom and human rights.
In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur was arrested in Delhi under the orders of Aurangzeb. He was given the choice to convert to Islam or face death. The Guru chose not to convert and was executed in Chandni Chowk, Delhi, on November 24 , 1675. This event is commemorated annually in Sikhism as the Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur.
Guru Tegh Bahadur's teachings emphasize the principles of selfless service, humility, and devotion to God. His writings, which are included in the Guru Granth Sahib (the holy scripture of Sikhism), continue to inspire Sikhs worldwide. He is also remembered for his commitment to the principles of justice and religious freedom.
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