Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, often referred to as Sam Manekshaw, was an Indian military officer who served as the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army from 1969 to 1973. He was born on April 3, 1914, in Amritsar, Punjab, British India (now in present-day Pakistan).
Sam Manekshaw is best known for his leadership during the 1971 Indo-Pak War, which resulted in the liberation of Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) and the creation of a new nation. Under his command, the Indian Army achieved a decisive victory over Pakistan, leading to the surrender of Pakistani forces and the establishment of Bangladesh.
During his military career, Manekshaw held various important positions and contributed significantly to the Indian Army's development and modernization. He was known for his strategic acumen, exceptional leadership skills, and charismatic personality. His wit and humor endeared him to both his soldiers and the public.
Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw was the first Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of Field Marshal, the highest military rank in India. He was awarded several honors and accolades for his distinguished service, including the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian award.
After retiring from the Indian Army in 1973, Manekshaw remained active and continued to be revered as a respected military figure. He passed away on June 27, 2008, in Wellington, Tamil Nadu, India, at the age of 94.
Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw's leadership, professionalism, and indomitable spirit made him an iconic figure in the history of the Indian Army. He is remembered as one of India's most celebrated military leaders, known for his contributions to the nation's defense and his role in the 1971 war.
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