Taiwan officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia.Neighbouring countries include the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The main island of Taiwan has an area of 35,808 square kilometres (13,826 sq mi), with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanised population is concentrated. Taipei is the capital as well as the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Other major cities include New Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Tainan and Taoyuan. With 23.7 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries, and is the most populous country and largest economy that is not a member of the United Nations (UN).
The National Day of the Republic of China, also referred to as Double Ten Day or Double Tenth Day, is the national day that is now held in Taiwan Area of the Republic of China. It commemorates the start of the Wuchang Uprising of 10 October 1911 (10-10 or double ten), which led to the end of the imperial Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China on 1 January 1912.
Following the conclusion of the Chinese Civil War, the government of the Republic of China lost control of mainland China, retreating to the Island of Taiwan in December 1949. The National Day is now mainly celebrated in all ROC-controlled territories, but is also celebrated by many overseas Chinese.
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