28 December- Sumitranandan Pant death anniversary

 

Sumitranandan Pant, often referred to as S. N. Pant, was a renowned Indian poet who wrote primarily in the Hindi language. He is considered one of the prominent figures in modern Hindi literature. Pant was born on May 20, 1900, in Kausani, a picturesque town in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, India, and he passed away on December 28, 1977.

Key points about Sumitranandan Pant's life and contributions:

1. Early Life and Education: Sumitranandan Pant was born into a Brahmin family in the Kumaon region of the Himalayas. He received his education in Almora and later studied at Allahabad University.

2. Poetic Style: Pant is celebrated for his poetry, which often reflects the natural beauty and the spiritual essence of the Himalayan region. His verses are known for their lyrical quality and depth of emotion.

3. Literary Career: Pant was an influential figure in the Chhayavaad (Romantic) literary movement, which emphasized the use of vivid imagery, introspection, and an exploration of human emotions. His works include poetry collections like "Kala Aur Budhdha Chand," "Pallav," and "Gunjan," among others.

4. Philosophical Themes: Many of Pant's poems explore spiritual and philosophical themes, reflecting his deep engagement with Indian philosophy and spirituality.

5. Recognition and Awards: Sumitranandan Pant received numerous accolades during his lifetime, including the Jnanpith Award, one of India's most prestigious literary awards, in 1968. He was also honored with the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian award in India.

6. Himalayan Influence: The Himalayan landscape and its natural beauty played a significant role in Pant's poetry. He often wrote about the mountains, rivers, and forests of the region, making it a recurring theme in his work.

7. Contribution to Hindi Literature: Sumitranandan Pant's poetry left a lasting impact on Hindi literature. He is regarded as a trailblazer in modern Hindi poetry and is remembered as one of the leading figures of the Chhayavaad movement.

8. Legacy: Pant's works continue to be studied and celebrated in India, and his poems are frequently included in school and college curricula. His contributions to Hindi literature are considered invaluable, and he remains a revered figure in Indian literary history.

Sumitranandan Pant's poetry continues to be cherished for its beauty and depth, and his exploration of nature and spirituality in his verses has left a lasting imprint on the landscape of Indian literature.

28 December - The Battle of Kolhapur 1659

 

The Battle of Kolhapur took place on 28 December, 1659, near Kolhapur city, Maharashtra. It was fought between the Maratha Empire, led by Shivaji, and the Adilshahi forces, led by Rustam Zaman. The battle is renowned for Shivaji’s masterful flank movement, which was similar to Babur’s strategy against Rana Sanga. The Marathas defeated the Adilshahi forces. It was the second significant military victory of the Marathas after the battle of Pratapgad.

28 December - Simon the Athonite

 

Simon the Athonite was a Greek Orthodox monk of the 13th century, later sanctified by the Eastern Orthodox Church as Saint Simon the Myroblyte. His feast day is 28 December.

Simon was a hermit living in a cave on Mount Athos near the rock now known as Simonopetra, or Simon's Rock. In a dream, the Theotokos called on him to build a monastery on the rock, promising to protect it and to look after him and the monastery. Another version is that one night he saw a star so bright that he identified it with the Star of Bethlehem. Watching it over several nights, he saw it stay motionless, at first thinking it was a demonic temptation, but on Christmas Eve the star stood over a high rock and a voice said "Here, Simon, you must lay the foundations of your monastery for the salvation of souls." So he built the monastery and gave it the name of New Bethlehem (Greek: Νέα Βηθλεέμ). It remains dedicated to the Nativity of Jesus.

Simon died, or reposed, in 1287, and was later glorified by many miracles, leading to his beatification. His holy relics are reported to exude myrrh, giving him the alternative names of Myrrhbearer or Myrrhgusher.

The date of foundation claimed by his monastery is 1267

28 December - Republic Day South Sudan

 

Republic Day is a holiday that’s observed in South Sudan on 28 December  of each year. It’s a holiday that is celebrated in South Sudan but isn’t celebrated as a public holiday. South Sudan, also known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked central African country that’s bordered by Ethiopia, Sudan, the Central African Republic, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

This holiday falls on the day on which Southern Sudan’s constitution was promulgated in December of 2005. Under the 2011 transitional constitution, this country would become a republic—with executive power vested in the president and vice president.

28 December - Woodrow Wilson birth anniversary

 

Woodrow Wilson (28 December 1856 – 03 February 1924) was the 28th President of the United States, serving two terms from 1913 to 1921. He is known for his leadership during a critical period that included World War I and the post-war negotiations, as well as for his domestic policies, including the passage of significant progressive reforms.

Key points about Woodrow Wilson include:

1. Early Life and Education: Woodrow Wilson was born in Staunton, Virginia. He earned a Ph.D. in political science and history from Johns Hopkins University.

2. Academic Career: Wilson had a successful academic career, serving as a professor and later as the president of Princeton University.

3. Governor of New Jersey: Wilson entered politics and served as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, gaining a reputation as a progressive reformer.

4. Presidential Elections: Wilson won the presidential election in 1912 as the Democratic candidate. He was re-elected in 1916.

5. Domestic Policy: Wilson's domestic agenda, known as the "New Freedom," aimed at reforming tariffs, banking, and antitrust laws. He signed the Federal Reserve Act into law, establishing the Federal Reserve System.

6. Foreign Policy and World War I: Wilson initially pursued a policy of neutrality when World War I broke out in Europe. However, he eventually led the United States into the war in 1917, citing the need to make the world "safe for democracy."

7. Fourteen Points: Wilson presented his Fourteen Points, outlining his vision for a post-war world and advocating for principles such as self-determination and the League of Nations.

8. League of Nations: Wilson played a key role in the creation of the League of Nations, an international organization aimed at promoting peace and preventing future conflicts. However, the U.S. Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles and membership in the League.

9. Health Issues and Later Years: Wilson suffered a stroke in 1919, which affected his health significantly. His second term saw challenges, and he left office in 1921. Wilson spent his remaining years writing and reflecting on his legacy.

Woodrow Wilson's presidency left a lasting impact on U.S. history, both domestically and internationally. His efforts to establish the League of Nations reflected a commitment to international cooperation and collective security, although the U.S. ultimately did not join the organization.

 

28 December - Iowa becomes the 29th U.S. state

 

Iowa became the 29th U.S. state on December 28, 1846. It was admitted to the Union, making it the first state to be added to the United States in the 19th century. Iowa is located in the Midwest region of the United States and is known for its agricultural productivity, particularly in corn and soybeans. Des Moines is the capital and largest city of the state.

28 December - Indian National Congress Party was founded in 1885

 

The Indian National Congress (INC), one of the major political parties in India, was founded on 28 December 1885. The founding session took place in Bombay (now Mumbai), and the party was established with the aim of seeking a greater share in government for educated Indians. The founding members included prominent figures such as A.O. Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Wacha, Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee, Monomohun Ghose, and William Wedderburn.

The INC played a pivotal role in India's struggle for independence against British colonial rule. Over the years, it has been a dominant political force in the country and has produced several key leaders who played significant roles in shaping post-independence India. The party has gone through various phases and changes in leadership, contributing to the political landscape of the nation.

 

27 December - Panjabrao Shamrao Deshmukh birth anniversary

Panjabrao Shamrao Deshmukh (27 December 1898 – 10 April 1965), also known as Bhausaheb Deshmukh was a social activist and a leader to farmers in India. He was the Minister of Agriculture in the first cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1952.He was an Indian social activist, agriculturist, and politician. He played a significant role in the fields of education and rural development. Deshmukh was also a key figure in the cooperative movement in India. His contributions earned him recognition, and he was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1959.

27 December - Greater Poland Uprising

 

The Greater Poland Uprising was a military insurrection that took place in the region of Greater Poland (Wielkopolska) in central-western Poland. The uprising occurred from December 27, 1918, to June 28, 1919, during the tumultuous period of the aftermath of World War I and the re-establishment of independent states in Central and Eastern Europe.

The primary goal of the Greater Poland Uprising was to secure the region of Greater Poland, with its capital in Poznań, and incorporate it into the newly formed Second Polish Republic, which was in the process of being established following the end of World War I and the collapse of the German and Austro-Hungarian empires.

At the time, the Treaty of Versailles was still being negotiated, and the fate of many territories in the region was uncertain. The German Empire had controlled Greater Poland, but the uprising sought to assert Polish sovereignty over the area. The Poles in Greater Poland, led by military and civilian leaders, organized themselves to resist German rule.

The uprising began on December 27, 1918, and it involved both military and civilian components. The Poles faced German forces, and the conflict continued until the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in June 1919, which recognized the transfer of Greater Poland to the newly re-established Polish state. The successful Greater Poland Uprising significantly contributed to the expansion of the Second Polish Republic and the shaping of its borders after World War I.

27 December - Jana Gana Mana first publicly sung in 1911

 

Jana Gana Mana, the national anthem of India, was first publicly sung on December 27, 1911. The occasion was the Indian National Congress session held in Calcutta (now Kolkata). The anthem was written by Rabindranath Tagore, who later won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his collection of poems, including the one that became the national anthem. Jana Gana Mana was officially adopted as the national anthem of India in 1950 when the country became a republic.