World Space Week 4 to 10 October

World Space Week is an annual holiday observed from 4 to 10 October in over 90 nations throughout the world. World Space Week is officially defined as "an international celebration of science and technology, and their contribution to the betterment of the human condition"

 

04 October - World Animal Day

World Animal Day is celebrated annually on October 4th to raise awareness about animal welfare and the importance of animal rights. This day is observed globally to promote kindness and compassion towards animals, encourage better standards of living for both wild and domestic creatures, and advocate for conservation efforts.

The day coincides with the feast day of St. Francis of Assisi, the patron saint of animals in Christianity, who was known for his deep love and respect for all living beings. The event was first organized by Heinrich Zimmermann in 1925 in Berlin, and it has since grown into a worldwide movement, with various organizations, schools, and individuals coming together to support the cause of animal welfare.

 

All India Institutes of Medical Sciences

The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) are a group of autonomous government public medical colleges of higher education. These institutes have been declared by an Act of Parliament as Institutes of National Importance. AIIMS New Delhi, the fore-runner institute, was established in 1956. Since then, 22 more institutes were announced. As of January 2020, fifteen institutes are operating and eight more are expected to become operational until 2025. Proposals were made for six more AIIMS.
 

03 October - 19th Commonwealth Games open in Delhi, India in 2010

 

The 2010 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XIX Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Delhi 2010, was an international multi-sport event that was held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010.

A total of 4352 athletes from 71 Commonwealth nations and dependencies competed in 21 sports and 272 events, making it the largest Commonwealth Games to date. It was also the largest international multi-sport event to be staged in Delhi and India, eclipsing the Asian Games in 1951 and 1982. The opening and closing ceremonies were held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, the main stadium of the event.

02 October - Mahatma Gandhi birth anniversary

Mahatma Gandhi, born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi on  02 October 1869, in Porbandar, India, was a pivotal leader in the Indian struggle for independence from British rule. Known for his philosophy of Satyagraha—nonviolent resistance—Gandhi played a crucial role in mobilizing millions of Indians through peaceful protests, boycotts, and civil disobedience.

Gandhi's famous movements include the Salt March of 1930, where he led a 240-mile march to protest the British monopoly on salt, and the Quit India Movement of 1942, demanding an end to British rule. His commitment to nonviolence, simplicity, and religious tolerance made him a global symbol of peace and human rights.

He was assassinated on 30 January 1948, by Nathuram Godse, nationalist who opposed Gandhi's views on partition and his advocacy for Hindu-Muslim unity. Today, Gandhi is widely remembered as the "Father of the Nation" in India, and his birthday is celebrated annually as the International Day of Non-Violence.

02 October - Homage to Lal Bahadur Shastri

Lal Bahadur Shastri (2 October 1904 – 11 January 1966) was an Indian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of India. He promoted the White Revolution – a national campaign to increase the production and supply of milk – by supporting the Amul milk co-operative of Anand, Gujarat and creating the National Dairy Development Board. Underlining the need to boost India's food production, Shastri also promoted the Green Revolution in India in 1965. This led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.

He led the country during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965. His slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" ("Hail to the soldier; Hail to the farmer") became very popular during the war. The war formally ended with the Tashkent Agreement on 10 January 1966; he died the following day, still in Tashkent, with the cause of his death in dispute; it was reported to be a cardiac arrest but his family was not satisfied with the proffered.He was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna.

01 October - The Thrilla in Manila

The Thrilla in Manila was the third and final boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier. It was contested in 1975 for the heavyweight championship of the world at the Araneta Coliseum in Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines, on Wednesday, October 1. The venue was renamed from Araneta Coliseum, specifically for the match.Ali won by technical knockout (TKO) after Frazier's chief second, Eddie Futch, asked the referee to stop the fight following the end of the 14th round.The contest's name is derived from Ali's rhyming boast that the fight would be "a killa and a thrilla and a chilla, when I get that gorilla in Manila."

The bout is consistently ranked as one of the best in the sport's history and was the culmination of a three-bout rivalry between the two fighters that Ali won, 2–1.The fight was watched by a record global television audience of 1 billion viewers,including 100 million viewers watching the fight on closed-circuit theatre television,and 500,000 pay-per-view buys on HBO home cable television.

01 October - Sivaji Ganesan birth anniversary

Villupuram Chinnaiya Manrayar Ganesamoorthy, better known by his stage name Sivaji Ganesan, (1 October 1928 – 21 July 2001) was an Indian actor, and producer. He was active in Tamil cinema during the latter half of the 20th century. He was known for his versatility and the variety of roles he depicted on screen,which gave him also the Tamil nickname Nadigar Thilagam (transl. the pride of actors).In a career that spanned close to five decades, he had acted 288 films in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi.

Ganesan was the first Indian film actor to win a "Best Actor" award in an International film festival, the Afro-Asian Film Festival held in Cairo, Egypt in 1960. Many leading South Indian film actors have stated that their acting was influenced by Ganesan.In addition, he received four Filmfare Awards South and a National Film Award (Special Jury). In 1997, Ganesan was conferred the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest honour for films in India.[15][16] He was also the first Indian actor to be made a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.

Ganesan is remembered as an iconic figure of Tamil cinema. Upon his death, The Los Angeles Times described him as "the Marlon Brando of south India's film industry".

30 September - Panama Canal Zone Last Day of Operation 1979

The Panama Canal Zone was an unincorporated territory of the United States from 1903 to 1979, centered on the Panama Canal and surrounded by the Republic of Panama. The zone consisted of the canal and an area generally extending five miles (8.0 km) on each side of the centerline, excluding Panama City and Colón, which otherwise would have been partly within the limits of the Zone. Its border spanned three of Panama's provinces. 

In 1904, the Isthmian Canal Convention was proclaimed. In it, the Republic of Panama granted to the United States in perpetuity the use, occupation, and control of a zone of land and land under water for the construction, maintenance, operation, sanitation, and protection of the canal. From 1903 to 1979, the territory was controlled by the United States, which had purchased the land from the private and public owners, built the canal and financed its construction. The Canal Zone was abolished in 1979 on 30 September, as a term of the Torrijos–Carter Treaties two years earlier; the canal itself was later under joint U.S.–Panamanian control until it was fully turned over to Panama in 1999

On September 30, 1979, the Canal Zone ceased to exist, and its stamps consigned to the status of 'dead country'. This has not lessened the attraction its stamps and covers hold for collectors. Happy to let you all know i have a cover of last date of operation .Enjoy the beauty of the cover which is displayed above. 

The cancellation of the cover is of "BALBOA" its a multimodal (ship-to-train) terminal, called the Pacific Terminal, connected to Colón by the Panama Canal Railway.

30 September - Hoover Dam (Boulder Dam) in 1935

Hoover Dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River, on the border between the U.S. states of Nevada and Arizona. It was constructed between 1931 and 1936 during the Great Depression and was dedicated on September 30, 1935, by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Its construction was the result of a massive effort involving thousands of workers, and cost over one hundred lives. Originally known as Boulder Dam from 1933, it was officially renamed Hoover Dam for President Herbert Hoover by a joint resolution of Congress in 1947.

Since about 1900, the Black Canyon and nearby Boulder Canyon had been investigated for their potential to support a dam that would control floods, provide irrigation water and produce hydroelectric power. In 1928, Congress authorized the project. The winning bid to build the dam was submitted by a consortium called Six Companies, Inc., which began construction of the dam in early 1931. Such a large concrete structure had never been built before, and some of the techniques were unproven. The torrid summer weather and lack of facilities near the site also presented difficulties. Nevertheless, Six Companies turned the dam over to the federal government on  01 March 1936, more than two years ahead of schedule.

Hoover Dam impounds Lake Mead, the largest reservoir in the United States by volume (when it is full).[6] The dam is located near Boulder City, Nevada, a municipality originally constructed for workers on the construction project, about 30 mi (48 km) southeast of Las Vegas, Nevada. The dam's generators provide power for public and private utilities in Nevada, Arizona, and California. Hoover Dam is a major tourist attraction; nearly a million people tour the dam each year. The heavily traveled U.S. Route 93 (US 93) ran along the dam's crest until October 2010, when the Hoover Dam Bypass opened.