India established its highest civilian awards, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan, on January 2, 1954. These awards were instituted to recognize exceptional service in various fields and to honor individuals who have made significant contributions to the nation.
Bharat Ratna: The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India. It is awarded for exceptional service towards the advancement of art, literature, science, and public service. It can also be conferred posthumously. The first recipients of the Bharat Ratna were politician C. Rajagopalachari, philosopher and statesman S. Radhakrishnan, and freedom fighter C. V. Raman, who was also a Nobel laureate in Physics.
Padma Vibhushan: The Padma Vibhushan is the second-highest civilian award in India. It is awarded for exceptional and distinguished service in various fields, including public service, science and engineering, trade and industry, medicine, literature and education, sports, civil service, and more.
These awards are announced on the occasion of Republic Day (January 26) each year, but the formal presentation ceremony usually takes place later in the year. They are considered prestigious honors and are a symbol of the nation's recognition of outstanding contributions to society.
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