On 01 January 1877 Queen Victoria, who was the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom, was proclaimed Empress of India. This proclamation marked a significant event in British history and imperial expansion. The formal title assumed by Queen Victoria was "Victoria, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Queen, Defender of the Faith, Empress of India."
The decision to confer the title of Empress of India on Queen Victoria was in recognition of her role as the head of the British Empire and its expanding interests in the Indian subcontinent. It was a symbolic representation of the British Crown's authority over India, which had become a significant part of the British Empire.
The proclamation of Queen Victoria as Empress of India took place during a grand Durbar (a traditional court or formal meeting) held in Delhi, where she was formally presented with the new title. This event signified the British Empire's control over India and marked the height of the imperial era.
Queen Victoria held the title of Empress of India until her death in 1901. Subsequent British monarchs did not use this title, as it was officially discontinued with the passage of the Government of India Act 1947, which led to the independence of India and the creation of the Republic of India in 1950.
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