Plutarco Elías Calles (born September 25, 1877, died October 19, 1945) was a prominent Mexican politician and military leader. He played a significant role in the Mexican Revolution and was one of the key figures in the early 20th-century transformation of Mexico's political and social landscape.
Calles served as the President of Mexico from 1924 to 1928. During his presidency, he initiated a series of reforms known as the "Calles Laws," which aimed to reduce the power and influence of the Catholic Church in Mexican society. These laws led to the Cristero War, a violent conflict between the Mexican government and Catholic rebels who opposed the secularization of the country.
After his presidency, Calles remained a powerful figure in Mexican politics and continued to influence the ruling party, the National Revolutionary Party (later renamed the Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI). He is often considered a key figure in the development of the one-party rule that characterized Mexican politics for much of the 20th century.
Plutarco Elías Calles's legacy is complex, as he is celebrated by some for his efforts to modernize and secularize Mexico but also criticized for his authoritarian tendencies and role in suppressing opposition. His impact on Mexican politics and society remains a subject of historical debate and discussion.
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