Marcus Mosiah Garvey (1887 – 1940) was a Jamaican-born black nationalist leader, entrepreneur, and advocate for Pan-Africanism. He was born on August 17, 1887, in St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica, and he passed away on June 10, 1940, in London, United Kingdom.
Garvey is best known for his efforts to promote black pride, self-sufficiency, and unity among people of African descent worldwide. He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and African Communities League in 1914, which aimed to uplift and empower black people economically, socially, and politically.
Through the UNIA, Garvey advocated for the repatriation of black people to Africa and the establishment of an independent black nation. He emphasized the importance of self-reliance, economic independence, and the celebration of African heritage. Garvey's philosophy of racial pride and self-determination resonated with many black individuals and communities, both in the United States and around the world.
Garvey's charismatic leadership and powerful speeches garnered a significant following, and at the height of his influence, the UNIA claimed millions of members. He also established the Black Star Line, a shipping company, with the goal of facilitating trade and travel among black communities.
Although Garvey faced challenges, including legal troubles and opposition from various quarters, his legacy as a visionary leader and advocate for black empowerment and unity remains significant. He left an indelible mark on the civil rights movement and Pan-African thought, inspiring generations of activists and leaders who continued his work to uplift black people and fight for justice and equality.
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