Florence Nightingale (1820–1910) was a British social reformer, statistician, and the founder of modern nursing. Born on 12 May 1820, in Florence, Italy, she is best known for her work during the Crimean War, where she significantly improved the unsanitary conditions at a British base hospital, reducing the death rate by two-thirds. Her efforts earned her the nickname "The Lady with the Lamp," as she would make rounds at night to tend to wounded soldiers.
Nightingale was instrumental in establishing nursing as a respected profession. After the war, she founded the Nightingale Training School for Nurses in London in 1860. Her approach emphasized hygiene, patient care, and compassionate treatment, principles that are still foundational in nursing today.
In addition to her contributions to healthcare, Nightingale was a pioneering statistician. She used statistical methods to present her findings on the impact of sanitation and was one of the first to use pie charts to represent data. Her work influenced public health policies and practices.
Florence Nightingale's legacy continues to inspire the nursing profession, and she is remembered as one of history's most important healthcare reformers. International Nurses Day is celebrated on her birthday each year, in recognition of her contributions to nursing and healthcare.
Florence Nightingale died on 13 August 1910, in London, England.
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