Vatican City, as an independent city-state and the smallest independent state in the world, does not celebrate a traditional "Independence Day" in the same way as many sovereign nations. Vatican City is an ecclesiastical state, and its sovereignty is closely tied to the authority of the Pope, who is also the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
The establishment of Vatican City as an independent city-state occurred through the Lateran Treaty, signed on February 11, 1929, between the Holy See (representing the Catholic Church) and the Kingdom of Italy. This treaty recognized the Vatican City as an independent sovereign entity and resolved territorial and financial disputes between the Holy See and Italy.
While February 11 marks the anniversary of the Lateran Treaty, Vatican City does not have a public celebration or a national day similar to the Independence Day observed by other countries. Instead, significant events in Vatican City are often tied to religious or ecclesiastical celebrations and the activities of the Catholic Church.
Vatican City's unique status as the spiritual and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church shapes its observances and events. Papal ceremonies, the election of a new Pope (conclave), and major liturgical celebrations often take precedence in the Vatican's calendar.
In summary, while Vatican City does not have a formal Independence Day, its establishment as an independent city-state is associated with the signing of the Lateran Treaty on February 11, 1929. This date holds historical significance in the context of Vatican City's sovereignty.
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