Leo Tolstoy, full name Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy, was a Russian writer, philosopher, and social reformer, born on September 9, 1828, at the family estate of Yasnaya Polyana in the Tula Province of Russia. He is best known for his novels, which are considered among the greatest works of fiction ever written. Tolstoy's most famous novels include "War and Peace" and "Anna Karenina."
Here are some key points about Leo Tolstoy:
Literary Works:
- "War and Peace" (1869): A monumental epic that explores the impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Russian society.
- "Anna Karenina" (1877): A tragic novel depicting the consequences of an extramarital affair.
- "The Death of Ivan Ilyich" (1886): A novella that reflects on the nature of life and death.
- "Resurrection" (1899): A novel that addresses moral and spiritual issues.
Philosophical and Religious Views:
- Tolstoy underwent a spiritual and philosophical transformation later in life, turning away from the aristocratic lifestyle and embracing a simpler, more ascetic existence.
- He developed a form of Christian anarchism and espoused nonviolent resistance to injustice, influencing figures such as Mahatma Gandhi.
Educational and Social Reforms:
- Tolstoy was passionate about education and implemented educational reforms on his estate at Yasnaya Polyana, emphasizing a more practical and hands-on approach to learning.
Legacy:
- Leo Tolstoy is considered one of the greatest novelists in world literature.
- His works have been translated into numerous languages and adapted into various forms of media.
Death:
- Tolstoy passed away on 20 November 1910, at the age of 82, at the Astapovo train station in Russia, while attempting to leave his estate in a self-imposed exile.
Tolstoy's literary and philosophical contributions continue to be studied and appreciated for their profound insights into human nature, morality, and the complexities of society.
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