11 November - Angola's Independence Day

 

Angola's Independence Day commemorates the proclamation of national independence, on 11 November 1975. It honors all those who sacrificed their lives during the struggle against Portuguese rule and colonialism, and remembers all those who died in the liberation war and subsequent conflicts.

The armed struggle for the country's independence, the Angolan War of Independence (part the larger Portuguese Colonial War), started on 4 February 1961. The struggle was fought by three movements, the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), the National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA) and National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), who later fought among themselves. Thousands were tortured, imprisoned, massacred or executed in the fight against colonial rule.

Independence was finally attained after the 1974 Carnation Revolution in Lisbon led to the signing of the Alvor Agreement on 15 January 1975.The Portuguese, the MPLA, the FNLA and the UNITA ended the war of independence with the formation of a transitional government.

In July, the MPLA forced the FNLA out of Luanda, and UNITA voluntarily withdrew to its stronghold in the south.On 10 November, the Portuguese left Angola, and On 11 November, the MPLA's Agostinho Neto declared the independence of the People's Republic of Angola

10 November - Sachchidananda Sinha birth anniversary

 

Sachchidananda Sinha was an Indian statesman and the first temporary President of the Constituent Assembly of India. He was born on 10 November 1871, in Aurangabad, Bihar, and he passed away on 06 March 1950.

Sinha had a distinguished career in law and politics. He served as a judge in the Patna High Court and later became the Chief Justice of the court. In 1937, he entered the political arena and was elected as the first Indian Governor of the Bihar province.

One of his notable roles was as the temporary President of the Constituent Assembly of India. He presided over its first meeting on December 9, 1946, before the election of Dr. Rajendra Prasad as the permanent President.

Sachchidananda Sinha made significant contributions to the formative years of independent India, both in the legal and political spheres.

10 November - Ayurveda Day

 

Ayurveda Day is celebrated in India on October 25th each year to commemorate and promote the ancient system of traditional medicine known as Ayurveda. Ayurveda is a holistic system of medicine that has been practiced in India for thousands of years, and it focuses on the balance of the mind, body, and spirit to achieve overall well-being.

Key aspects of Ayurveda Day include:

1. Promotion of Ayurveda: The primary purpose of Ayurveda Day is to promote the understanding and practice of Ayurveda, both in India and globally. It serves as an opportunity to create awareness about the benefits and principles of this traditional healing system.

2. Seminars and Workshops: On Ayurveda Day, various seminars, workshops, and educational programs are organized to provide information about the principles and practices of Ayurveda. These events may cover topics such as herbal remedies, dietary guidelines, yoga, and meditation.

3. Integration with Modern Medicine: There is a growing recognition of Ayurveda's potential to complement modern medical practices. Ayurveda Day emphasizes the importance of integrating Ayurveda with conventional healthcare for holistic well-being.

4. Research and Innovation: Ayurveda Day often showcases the ongoing research and innovations in the field of Ayurveda. It encourages advancements in herbal medicine, Ayurvedic treatments, and therapeutic practices.

5. Cultural Celebrations: The day is marked by cultural celebrations, including traditional music, dance, and art. These cultural expressions help showcase the rich heritage of Ayurveda.

6. Government Initiatives: The Indian government plays a significant role in promoting Ayurveda. It supports research, education, and the development of infrastructure for Ayurvedic healthcare.

Ayurveda Day is part of a broader effort to preserve and promote traditional Indian knowledge systems and to highlight the holistic approach to health and well-being that Ayurveda offers. It emphasizes the role of Ayurveda in maintaining a balanced and healthy lifestyle and in the prevention and treatment of various ailments.

10 November - Hari Pahlawan (Indonesian for Heroes' Day)

 

Hari Pahlawan (Indonesian for Heroes' Day) is a Remembrance Day annually celebrated on 10 November in Indonesia. The day commemorates the 1945 Battle of Surabaya,in which pro-independence Indonesian local community, as well as soldiers and militia fought against British and Dutch troops as part of the Indonesian National Revolution.

09 November - Charles de Gaulle death anniversary

 

Charles de Gaulle (1890-1970) was a prominent French military leader and statesman who played a significant role in the 20th-century history of France. He was born on November 22, 1890, in Lille, France, and passed away on November 09, 1970, in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises, France.

Key points about Charles de Gaulle:

1. Military Leader: De Gaulle served as a military officer and gained recognition for his leadership during World War I. He was wounded and captured by the Germans but made several daring escape attempts.

2. World War II: De Gaulle is most famous for his role in World War II. After the fall of France in 1940, he made a historic radio broadcast from London on June 18, 1940, calling on the French people to resist the German occupation. This marked the beginning of the Free French Forces, and de Gaulle became the leader of the Free French.

3. Free French and Liberation: Under de Gaulle's leadership, the Free French continued to fight alongside the Allies, and he played a pivotal role in the liberation of France in 1944. He led the French Provisional Government in the post-war period.

4. Founding of the Fifth Republic: De Gaulle was instrumental in the establishment of the French Fifth Republic in 1958, serving as its first President. He served two non-consecutive terms as President and implemented significant political and economic reforms.

5. Legacy: Charles de Gaulle is remembered as a national hero in France. He is known for his strong leadership, advocacy of a strong and independent France, and his contributions to French politics and the country's place in the world.

Charles de Gaulle's leadership and political career left an indelible mark on France's modern history, and he remains an iconic figure in French politics and international diplomacy.

 

09 November - Bandipur Tiger Reserve established in 1973

 

Bandipur Tiger Reserve is one of the most well-known and important tiger reserves in India. It was established as a protected area on November 9, 1973. This date marks the formal declaration of Bandipur as a tiger reserve.

Bandipur Tiger Reserve is located in the southern state of Karnataka and is part of the larger Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. It covers an area of approximately 874 square kilometers and is known for its rich biodiversity, including a significant population of Bengal tigers. The reserve is also home to various other wildlife species, making it a popular destination for wildlife enthusiasts and tourists interested in eco-tourism.

The reserve offers visitors the opportunity to explore its lush forests, go on wildlife safaris, and appreciate the natural beauty of the region. Conservation efforts within Bandipur Tiger Reserve have been crucial in protecting the tiger population and preserving the unique ecosystem of the area.

09 November - International Week of Science and Peace (09 November - 15 November)

 

International Week of Science and Peace is celebrated annually from November 09 to 15. It was first observed in 1986 as part of the observance of the International Year of Peace. The week was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 1988 to promote the role of science in the quest for peace and development.

The week’s observance carries several layers of significance:

• Promoting Science for Sustainable Development: IWOSP emphasizes the importance of science in achieving sustainable development goals. Science provides innovative solutions to address critical environmental and social issues, ensuring a healthier and more equitable planet.
• Enhancing International Collaboration: IWOSP fosters collaboration among scientists from diverse backgrounds, encouraging them to share knowledge and expertise to tackle shared challenges. This cross-border collaboration is essential for addressing global issues that transcend national boundaries.
• Inspiring Future Generations: IWOSP serves as a catalyst for inspiring young people to pursue careers in science and technology. By showcasing the impact of science, the week ignites curiosity and encourages the next generation of scientists to make a positive impact on the world.
• Promoting Public Understanding of Science: IWOSP engages the public with science, bridging the gap between scientific research and everyday life. It encourages public participation in science discussions and promotes science literacy.
• Highlighting Science’s Role in Peacebuilding: IWOSP underscores the role of science in fostering peace and preventing conflicts. Scientific evidence can inform decision-making, promote dialogue, and build trust among nations.
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 Overall, the International Week of Science and Peace serves as a powerful reminder of the transformative potential of science in creating a more peaceful, sustainable, and prosperous world for all. It is a call to action for scientists, policymakers, and the global community to harness the power of science for the betterment of humanity.

09 November - Iqbal Day Pakistan

 

Iqbal Day is a public holiday in Pakistan celebrated on November 9th each year to commemorate the life and achievements of Allama Muhammad Iqbal, a philosopher, poet, and politician who is widely regarded as the national poet of Pakistan. This day is observed to honor Iqbal's contributions to literature, philosophy, and his role in inspiring the Pakistan Movement.

Allama Iqbal's poetry and philosophical writings have had a profound influence on the people of Pakistan, and his work played a pivotal role in shaping the ideological foundations of the nation. His vision for a separate homeland for Muslims in the Indian subcontinent led to the creation of Pakistan in 1947.

On Iqbal Day, various events and ceremonies are organized throughout Pakistan. People pay tribute to Allama Iqbal by reciting his poetry, discussing his ideas, and participating in seminars, conferences, and cultural programs. Government institutions, schools, and colleges often organize special functions to honor his memory, and his poems are recited and discussed to promote his message of self-realization, spiritual awakening, and unity among Muslims.

Iqbal Day serves as a day of reflection on the ideas and vision of Allama Iqbal and a reminder of his lasting impact on the cultural, political, and intellectual landscape of Pakistan.

09 November - Inventors' Day In German-speaking countries

 

On November 9, German-speaking countries (Austria, Germany and Switzerland) celebrate Inventors' Day. This holiday falls on the birthday of Hedy Lamarr who invented the frequency-hopped spread spectrum.

Hedy Lamarr was an Austrian and American inventor and actress. She began inventing after moving to the United States. In the early 1940s, she co-created a frequency-hopping system with composer George Antheil. Their invention served as a basis for Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and CDMA. In 2014, Antheil and Lamarr were inducted into the Inventor's Hall of Fame.

Inventors' Day was created by Gerhard Muthenhaler, inventor and entrepreneur from Berlin. The holiday focuses on honoring the inventors of the past and paying respect to the inventors of the present who make significant contributions to the development of science and technology.

Gerhard Muthenhaler chose Hedy Lamarr as a role model for modern inventors because she became an inventor not for money or fame (she already was famous and had money). She simply wanted to realize her idea into life. Her invention is still in daily use: most people cannot imagine their mobile phones without Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, not to mention CDMA.

 

09 November - Uttarakhand and UP were divided in 2000

 

The state of Uttarakhand (formerly known as Uttaranchal) was officially created on November 9, 2000, following the passage of the Uttar Pradesh Reorganization Act. On this date, the hilly regions of the state of Uttar Pradesh were separated to form the new state of Uttarakhand. This division was aimed at addressing the unique cultural, geographical, and administrative needs of the hilly areas in the northern part of the country. Dehradun was established as the capital of the newly created state.

Key points about the Uttarakhand movement:

1. Historical Background: The movement for a separate state of Uttarakhand had been a longstanding demand of the people in the hilly regions of the state of Uttar Pradesh. They argued that they faced neglect and underdevelopment compared to the more populous and urbanized plains of the state.

2. Activism and Protests: The movement gained momentum in the 1990s, with activists and political leaders leading protests and rallies to press for statehood. They cited economic, cultural, and administrative reasons for the demand.

3. Political Leaders: Prominent leaders of the movement included Chandra Singh Garhwali, Indra Jeet Singh, and others who played a significant role in advocating for the separate state.

4. Formation of Uttarakhand: On November 9, 2000, the Indian government passed the Uttar Pradesh Reorganization Act, which led to the formation of the state of Uttarakhand on November 9, 2000. The new state of Uttarakhand was carved out of the hilly regions of Uttar Pradesh.

5. Dehradun as the Capital: Dehradun was designated as the capital of the newly created state.

The formation of Uttarakhand as a separate state fulfilled the aspirations of the people in the region and allowed for more focused attention on the development and governance of the hilly areas. The movement and subsequent statehood are considered a significant milestone in India's federal structure, recognizing the diversity and regional needs of different parts of the country.