27 June - Sam Manekshaw death anniversary

 

Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, often referred to as Sam Manekshaw, was an Indian military officer who served as the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army from 1969 to 1973. He was born on April 3, 1914, in Amritsar, Punjab, British India (now in present-day Pakistan).

Sam Manekshaw is best known for his leadership during the 1971 Indo-Pak War, which resulted in the liberation of Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) and the creation of a new nation. Under his command, the Indian Army achieved a decisive victory over Pakistan, leading to the surrender of Pakistani forces and the establishment of Bangladesh.

During his military career, Manekshaw held various important positions and contributed significantly to the Indian Army's development and modernization. He was known for his strategic acumen, exceptional leadership skills, and charismatic personality. His wit and humor endeared him to both his soldiers and the public.

Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw was the first Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of Field Marshal, the highest military rank in India. He was awarded several honors and accolades for his distinguished service, including the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian award.

After retiring from the Indian Army in 1973, Manekshaw remained active and continued to be revered as a respected military figure. He passed away on June 27, 2008, in Wellington, Tamil Nadu, India, at the age of 94.

Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw's leadership, professionalism, and indomitable spirit made him an iconic figure in the history of the Indian Army. He is remembered as one of India's most celebrated military leaders, known for his contributions to the nation's defense and his role in the 1971 war.

 

27 June - P T Usha birthday

 

 

P. T. Usha, whose full name is Pilavullakandi Thekkeparambil Usha, is an Indian former track and field athlete. She was born on June 27, 1964, in Payyoli, Kozhikode district, Kerala, India. Usha is often referred to as the "Payyoli Express" due to her incredible speed and agility on the track.

P. T. Usha gained international recognition for her achievements in athletics, particularly in sprinting and hurdling events. She represented India in several major international competitions, including the Olympics and the Asian Games.

Some of P. T. Usha's notable achievements include:

1. 1982 Asian Games: Usha won 4 gold medals and 1 silver medal in the Asian Games held in New Delhi, India. She set a record by winning 4 gold medals in a single edition of the Asian Games.

2. 1984 Los Angeles Olympics: Usha narrowly missed out on an Olympic medal, finishing in the fourth position in the women's 400m hurdles event. Her performance in this event brought her global attention and made her a household name in India.

3. 1985 Asian Championships: Usha won 5 gold medals and 1 bronze medal in the Asian Athletics Championships held in Jakarta, Indonesia. She won gold medals in the 100m, 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles, and 4x400m relay events.

4. 1986 Asian Games: Usha won 4 gold medals and 1 silver medal in the Asian Games held in Seoul, South Korea. She won gold medals in the 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles, and 4x400m relay events.

P. T. Usha's achievements on the track made her one of India's most celebrated athletes. She inspired a generation of athletes and played a significant role in popularizing athletics in the country. Despite narrowly missing out on an Olympic medal, she remains an iconic figure in Indian sports history.

After retiring from competitive athletics, P. T. Usha has been involved in coaching young athletes at her training academy, the Usha School of Athletics, based in Kozhikode, Kerala. She continues to contribute to the development of athletics in India and is regarded as a mentor and role model for aspiring athletes.

 The above images were released by P T Usha herself on Twitter on October 9 ,2021 thanking India Post on occassion of World Postal Day .

"Celebrating the invaluable service of our postmen on #WorldPostalDay today! Post & Telegraph is an integral part of all our lives. Have always been surprised by their efficiency. Still remember how letters reached me even when people only mentioned my name, and no address!"

 Link :  https://twitter.com/PTUshaOfficial/status/1446765180298272770

 

27 June - Helen Keller birth anniversary

 

 

Helen Keller was an extraordinary woman who overcame tremendous challenges to become a renowned author, speaker, and advocate for the rights of people with disabilities. She was born on 27 June 1880, in Tuscumbia, Alabama, USA. When she was just 19 months old, she contracted an illness—most likely scarlet fever or meningitis—that left her deaf and blind.

Despite her disabilities, Keller managed to learn to communicate through the efforts of her dedicated teacher, Anne Sullivan. Sullivan used a method of tactile sign language, which involved spelling words into Helen's hand. Through Sullivan's guidance and perseverance, Keller made significant progress in her education.

Keller later attended Radcliffe College and became the first deaf-blind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree. She went on to become a prominent writer and social activist, dedicating her life to improving the conditions and rights of individuals with disabilities.

Helen Keller traveled extensively, delivering lectures and speeches on a variety of topics, including women's suffrage, pacifism, and disability rights. She authored several books, including her autobiography, "The Story of My Life," which was published in 1903.

Keller's story continues to inspire people around the world, demonstrating the power of determination, perseverance, and the human spirit. She passed away on 01 June 1968, but her legacy and impact on the disability rights movement endure to this day.

 

27 June - Independence Day in Djibouti

 

Independence Day in Djibouti is celebrated on June 27th each year to commemorate the country's independence from France. On this day in 1977, Djibouti officially gained independence and became a sovereign nation.

The struggle for independence in Djibouti began in the mid-20th century, with various political movements and calls for self-determination. The Front for the Liberation of the Somali Coast (FLCS), later known as the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD), played a significant role in the fight against colonial rule.

Negotiations between the French government and Djibouti's leaders led to an agreement, and on June 27, 1977, Djibouti became an independent nation. Hassan Gouled Aptidon, who had been the head of the provisional government, became the first President of Djibouti.

Independence Day in Djibouti is celebrated with great enthusiasm and national pride. The day is marked by various events, including parades, cultural performances, flag hoisting ceremonies, fireworks, and speeches by political leaders. It is a time for Djiboutian people to reflect on their journey to independence, celebrate their national identity, and honor the sacrifices made by their forefathers.

Independence Day in Djibouti is not only a celebration of political freedom but also an occasion to showcase the country's rich culture, diversity, and achievements. It serves as a reminder of Djibouti's progress as an independent nation and the ongoing efforts to build a prosperous and inclusive future for its citizens.

Additionally, Independence Day provides an opportunity to strengthen national unity and solidarity among the different ethnic and cultural groups in Djibouti. It is a day of unity, patriotism, and celebration of the country's achievements since gaining independence.

 

27 June - The Republic of Ragusa was founded in 1358

 

The Republic of Ragusa, also known as the Republic of Dubrovnik, was founded in the year 1358. Ragusa was a maritime city-state located on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, in what is now modern-day Croatia. It emerged as a powerful trading and naval force in the region during the Middle Ages.

The republic's origins can be traced back to the establishment of a small settlement called Laus on the rocky island of Ragusa (now known as Dubrovnik). Over time, the settlement expanded and developed into a prosperous city, largely due to its strategic location along important trade routes.

In 1358, Ragusa achieved independence from the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary, establishing itself as an autonomous republic. It adopted a republican form of government, with an elected council and a Rector serving as the head of state.

During its heyday, the Republic of Ragusa flourished as a major maritime power and a hub of trade and commerce in the Mediterranean. It established diplomatic relations with various European powers, including the Ottoman Empire and Venice, and maintained a significant degree of autonomy despite its geographical location between powerful neighbors.

Ragusa's prosperity was built on maritime trade, shipbuilding, and skilled diplomacy. The city-state developed a reputation for its skilled merchants, who engaged in trade with countries across the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and beyond. Ragusa also developed a strong naval fleet that helped protect its interests and maintain its independence.

The republic lasted for several centuries, but its power gradually declined with the rise of the Ottoman Empire and the changing geopolitical landscape of the region. In 1808, during the Napoleonic Wars, the French army occupied Ragusa, marking the end of its independence.

Today, the city of Dubrovnik in Croatia stands as a testament to the former glory of the Republic of Ragusa. Its well-preserved medieval architecture, city walls, and historical significance have made it a UNESCO World Heritage site and a popular tourist destination.

27 June - The Battle of Dettingen

 

The Battle of Dettingen took place on June 27, 1743, during the War of the Austrian Succession. It was fought near the village of Dettingen in Bavaria (present-day Germany) between the forces of the British, Hanoverians, and Austrians on one side, and the French army on the other.

At the time, King George II of Britain and Elector of Hanover was leading his forces in support of the Habsburg claim to the Austrian throne. The French, under the command of Marshal François de Noailles, sought to prevent George II's army from reaching the Austrian Netherlands.

The battle began when the Anglo-Hanoverian forces, numbering around 50,000 men, crossed the River Main near Dettingen. They encountered the French army of similar strength, which had taken up a defensive position on the opposite bank. The French commander, Noailles, expected the British to retreat after facing the formidable French position.

However, instead of retreating, the British and Hanoverians, led by King George II, launched a determined assault across the river. The battle was fiercely contested, with heavy casualties on both sides. Despite being outnumbered, the British and Hanoverians managed to break through the French lines and secure a hard-fought victory.

The Battle of Dettingen holds historical significance as it was the last time a reigning British monarch personally led troops into battle. It was also the last time a British king engaged in combat on foreign soil. The victory boosted the morale of the British and their allies, and it had political repercussions throughout Europe.

The battle marked a setback for the French, who failed to halt the Anglo-Hanoverian advance. It highlighted the military prowess of the British and helped solidify their reputation as a formidable force on the continent.

Overall, the Battle of Dettingen was a significant engagement during the War of the Austrian Succession, showcasing the military abilities of the British and their allies and demonstrating the determination of King George II in leading his troops to victory.

26 June - Somalia Independence Day

 

 

 

 

 On 26 June 1960, British Somaliland gained independence from the United Kingdom, becoming the State of Somaliland. This significant event was a crucial step in the broader context of Somali independence and unification.

Historical Background

• Colonial Rule: Before gaining independence, British Somaliland was a British protectorate established in the late 19th century.
• Independence: On 26 June 1960, British Somaliland declared its independence and became the State of Somaliland.
• Unification: Just a few days later, on 01 July 1960, the State of Somaliland united with the Trust Territory of Somalia (formerly Italian Somaliland) to form the Somali Republic.

Significance

• First Step Toward Unification: The independence of British Somaliland was a pivotal moment that paved the way for the unification of the two territories into the Somali Republic.
• National Identity: The brief period of independence before unification was crucial in shaping the national identity and political landscape of the region.

Celebrations and Legacy

• Historical Celebrations: During the brief period of independence, celebrations included public parades, cultural events, and official ceremonies, emphasizing national pride and the significance of self-governance.
• Modern-Day Observance: Today, the date is remembered as a key milestone in Somali history, especially in Somaliland, which views June 26 as a foundational moment in its national narrative.
• Educational and Cultural Activities: Schools and cultural institutions in Somaliland often highlight the significance of June 26 in their programs, celebrating the cultural and historical heritage of the region.

Context of Unification

• Somali Republic: The unification of British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland on 01 July 1960, led to the creation of the Somali Republic, with Mogadishu as its capital.
• Challenges and Aspirations: The newly formed Somali Republic faced numerous challenges, including political instability and efforts to build a cohesive national identity, but it also embodied the aspirations of the Somali people for unity and self-determination.

Conclusion

The independence of British Somaliland on 26 June 1960, marked a significant chapter in Somali history, contributing to the broader narrative of independence and unification. It remains a day of historical importance, especially for the people of Somaliland, symbolizing their brief period of sovereignty and the subsequent formation of the Somali Republic.Thus, 26 June of every year is celebrated as Somalia Independence Day while 01 July marks Republic Day in Somalia.

26 June - World Refrigeration Day

 

World Refrigeration Day is an annual international observance that takes place on June 26th each year. It is a day dedicated to recognizing and appreciating the significant role that refrigeration and air conditioning technologies play in various aspects of modern life.

The purpose of World Refrigeration Day is to raise awareness about the importance of refrigeration and air conditioning in preserving food, supporting medical advancements, improving comfort and productivity, and contributing to sustainability efforts.

Refrigeration and air conditioning technologies have transformed the way we live, work, and store perishable goods. They are vital in maintaining food safety and preventing food waste, as well as preserving vaccines, medications, and other temperature-sensitive medical supplies.

World Refrigeration Day aims to highlight the contributions of the refrigeration and air conditioning industry in addressing global challenges such as climate change, energy efficiency, and food security. It also promotes discussions and knowledge-sharing about innovative and sustainable practices within the industry.

On this day, various events, seminars, webinars, and workshops are organized globally to educate people about the importance of refrigeration and air conditioning. Industry professionals, researchers, policymakers, and the public come together to exchange ideas, share best practices, and discuss the latest advancements in the field.

World Refrigeration Day encourages individuals, businesses, and organizations to recognize the impact of refrigeration and air conditioning on society and to support initiatives that promote sustainability, energy efficiency, and responsible use of these technologies.

The observance of World Refrigeration Day helps to foster a greater understanding of the critical role played by refrigeration and air conditioning in our daily lives and promotes efforts to ensure the responsible and sustainable use of these technologies.

Please note that while World Refrigeration Day is gaining recognition and participation worldwide, it is not a universally recognized public holiday but rather an observance initiated by industry associations and professionals to promote awareness and appreciation for the refrigeration and air conditioning industry.

26 June- Victoria and Albert Museum opened in 1857

 

 

The Victoria and Albert Museum, often referred to as the V&A, is a renowned museum of art and design located in London, United Kingdom. It was opened to the public on June 26, 1857.

The museum was named after Queen Victoria and her husband Prince Albert, who played significant roles in its establishment. The V&A was originally established as the South Kensington Museum and was intended to educate and inspire the public in the fields of art, design, and craftsmanship.

The museum's collections encompass a vast range of art forms, including sculptures, ceramics, furniture, textiles, fashion, photography, and more. It houses over 2.3 million objects that span over 5,000 years of human creativity, representing various cultures and civilizations from around the world.

The V&A's architectural design is noteworthy as well. The main building, designed by Sir Aston Webb, is an impressive example of Victorian and Edwardian architecture. Over the years, the museum has expanded with additional buildings and galleries, including the iconic Blavatnik Hall, Sackler Courtyard, and Exhibition Road Quarter.

Visitors to the Victoria and Albert Museum can explore its diverse collections, attend exhibitions, participate in educational programs, and engage in research and scholarly activities. The museum is renowned for its commitment to promoting art, design, and cultural understanding.

Today, the V&A stands as one of the world's largest and most prestigious museums dedicated to art and design. It continues to inspire and captivate visitors with its extensive collections, exhibitions, and contributions to the field of artistic and cultural heritage.

 

26 June - Madagascar Independence Day

 

Madagascar Independence Day, also known as Fête de l'Indépendance, is celebrated annually on June 26th. It commemorates the day when Madagascar gained independence from French colonial rule in 1960.

Madagascar, the large island nation located off the eastern coast of Africa, was a French colony for many years before achieving independence. The Malagasy people fought for their freedom, and negotiations with the French government led to the proclamation of independence on June 26, 1960.

Independence Day in Madagascar is a national holiday and a time of great significance for the Malagasy people. The day is celebrated with various ceremonies, parades, cultural events, and gatherings throughout the country.

The capital city of Antananarivo is the focal point of the celebrations, where the main official events take place. The President of Madagascar delivers a speech addressing the nation, emphasizing the importance of independence and reflecting on the country's progress and challenges.

The day is also marked by cultural performances, traditional music and dance, and exhibitions showcasing the diverse cultural heritage of Madagascar. The Malagasy flag, which features horizontal bands of red, white, and green with a vertical band of red on the hoist side, is prominently displayed during the festivities.

Madagascar Independence Day is an occasion for the Malagasy people to come together, express national pride, and celebrate their country's achievements. It is a time to reflect on the struggle for independence and to honor the contributions of those who fought for freedom and self-determination.