19 September - The Battles of Saratoga in 1777

The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War. British General John Burgoyne led a large invasion army southward from Canada in the Champlain Valley, hoping to meet a similar British force marching northward from New York City and another British force marching eastward from Lake Ontario; the southern and western forces never arrived, and Burgoyne was surrounded by American forces in upstate New York. He fought two small battles to break out which took place 18 days apart on the same ground, 9 miles (14 km) south of Saratoga, New York. They both failed.

18 September - Tiffany & Co established in 1837

Tiffany & Co. (colloquially known as Tiffany's) is an American luxury jewelry and specialty retailer headquartered in New York City.It sells jewelry, sterling silver, china, crystal, stationery, fragrances, water bottles, watches, personal accessories, and leather goods.Tiffany is known for its luxury goods, particularly its diamond and sterling silver jewelry.It markets itself as an arbiter of taste and style.[11] These goods are sold at Tiffany stores, and through direct-mail and corporate merchandising.

Tiffany & Co. was founded in 1837 by the jeweler Charles Lewis Tiffany and became famous in the early 20th century under the artistic direction of his son Louis Comfort Tiffany. The company operates retail outlets in the Americas, Asia-Pacific, Japan, Europe and the United Arab Emirates. In 2018, Tiffany had 93 stores in the US and 321 stores worldwide; net sales totaled US$4.44 billion.

In November 2019, LVMH announced its purchase of Tiffany & Co for $16.2 billion, with the deal expected to close in June 2020.

Tiffany operates 326 stores globally in countries such as the United States, Japan, Europe, and Canada, as well as the Latin America and Pacific Asia regions.

18 September - James Henry Scullin born in 1876

James Henry Scullin (18 September 1876 – 28 January 1953) was an Australian Labor Party politician and the ninth Prime Minister of Australia. Scullin led Labor to government at the 1929 election. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 transpired just two days after his swearing in, which would herald the beginning of the Great Depression in Australia. Scullin's administration would soon be overwhelmed by the economic crisis, with interpersonal and policy disagreements causing a three-way split of his party that would bring down the government in late 1931. Despite his chaotic term of office, Scullin remained a leading figure in the Labor movement throughout his lifetime, and served as an éminence grise in various capacities for the party until his retirement in 1949.

17 September - Australian Citizenship Day

 

Australian Citizenship Day is celebrated each year on 17 September.Managed by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection (DIBP), Australian Citizenship Day is an opportunity for all Australian citizens, whether by birth or by choice, to reflect on the meaning and importance of their citizenship. The day is used as an opportunity to think about what unites all Australians, to take pride in Australia's democratic values and to celebrate the role citizens play in shaping the nation.

17 September - Narendra Damodardas Modi born in 1950

 

Narendra Damodardas Modi born 17 September 1950 is an Indian politician serving as the 14th and current Prime Minister of India since 2014. He was the Chief Minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the Member of Parliament for Varanasi. Modi is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu nationalist volunteer organisation. He is the first prime minister outside of the Indian National Congress to win two consecutive terms with a full majority and the second to complete more than five years in office after Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

Dear Modiji,

Wishing you a very happy B'day and many returns of the day. May God bless you with happiness, health and long successful life.

#RespectYourPM #HappyBdayNaMo #NarendraModi #HappyBirthdayPMModiji 

16 September - Lauren Bacal born in 1924

Lauren Bacall (born Betty Joan Perske; September 16, 1924 – August 12, 2014) was an American actress known for her distinctive voice and sultry looks. She was named the 20th-greatest female star of classic Hollywood cinema by the American Film Institute and received an Academy Honorary Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2009 "in recognition of her central place in the Golden Age of motion pictures".

Bacall began her career as a model before making her film debut as a leading lady in To Have and Have Not (1944) at the age of 19. She continued in the film noir genre with appearances with Humphrey Bogart in The Big Sleep (1946), Dark Passage (1947), and Key Largo (1948), and she starred in the romantic comedies How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) with Marilyn Monroe and Betty Grable, and Designing Woman (1957) with Gregory Peck. She co-starred with John Wayne in his final film The Shootist (1976) by Wayne's personal request. She also worked on Broadway in musicals, earning Tony Awards for Applause (1970) and Woman of the Year (1981). She won a Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Academy Award for her performance in The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996).

Bacall died on August 12, 2014, one month before her 90th birthday, at her longtime apartment in The Dakota, the Upper West Side building near Central Park in Manhattan.According to her grandson Jamie Bogart, Bacall died after suffering a massive stroke.She was confirmed dead at New York–Presbyterian Hospital.

15 September - Greenpeace Day or National Greenpeace Day

 

Greenpeace Day is observed on September 15 each year to commemorate the founding of Greenpeace, one of the most well-known environmental organizations in the world. The organization was established on September 15, 1971, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, when a group of activists set sail aboard the ship Phyllis Cormack to protest U.S. nuclear testing off the coast of Alaska.

Greenpeace Day celebrates the organization's environmental activism and its efforts to raise awareness about issues such as climate change, deforestation, ocean pollution, and the protection of endangered species. It encourages people to reflect on their relationship with the environment and take steps toward more sustainable living.

The day also highlights Greenpeace’s non-violent direct action approach, aiming to bring attention to environmental problems and push for positive change through peaceful protest and advocacy.

15 September - Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie

Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie (née Miller) was a renowned English writer, known for her prolific output of detective novels, short stories, and plays. Born on  15 September 1890, in Torquay, Devon, England, Christie became one of the most successful and widely read authors in the world. She is often referred to as the "Queen of Crime."

Here are some key points about Agatha Christie:

1. Prolific Author: Agatha Christie wrote a staggering number of works, including 66 detective novels, 150 short stories, and 19 plays. Her books have been translated into numerous languages, making her one of the best-selling authors in history.

2. Famous Characters: Two of her most famous fictional detectives are Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple. Hercule Poirot, a Belgian detective, appeared in many of her novels, while Miss Marple, an amateur sleuth, featured in others.

3. Debut Novel: Christie's first novel, "The Mysterious Affair at Styles," was published in 1920 and introduced readers to Hercule Poirot. The novel marked the beginning of her successful writing career.

4. Classic Mysteries: Many of Christie's works are considered classics of the mystery genre, and her ingenious plots and unexpected twists have captivated readers for decades.

5. "Murder on the Orient Express": One of Christie's most famous novels, "Murder on the Orient Express" (1934), features Hercule Poirot solving a murder on the luxurious train. The book is celebrated for its clever resolution.

6. "And Then There Were None": Another highly acclaimed work is "And Then There Were None" (1939), a mystery novel where a group of strangers is lured to an island, and the plot unfolds as they are mysteriously killed one by one.

7. Playwright: Apart from novels and short stories, Agatha Christie wrote several successful plays. "The Mousetrap" holds the record for the longest continuous run in the history of the West End of London.

8. Personal Life: Agatha Christie married Colonel Archibald Christie in 1914, and they had one daughter, Rosalind. The couple divorced in 1928. In 1930, she married the archaeologist Sir Max Mallowan.

9. Damehood: In 1971, Agatha Christie was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) for her contributions to literature.

10. Legacy: Agatha Christie's works continue to be popular, adapted into numerous films, television series, and stage productions. Her impact on the mystery genre and her ability to craft intricate plots have left an enduring legacy in literature.

Agatha Christie passed away on 12 January 1976, but her works remain timeless, captivating new generations of readers and viewers.

14 September - Hindi Diwas celebration

 

Hindi Diwas is celebrated annually on September 14 to mark the adoption of Hindi as one of the official languages of India. On this day in 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Hindi, written in the Devanagari script, as the official language of the Republic of India under Article 343 of the Indian Constitution.

Significance:

1. Promotion of Hindi: Hindi Diwas emphasizes the promotion and recognition of Hindi as a medium for communication and governance, reflecting India's linguistic heritage and unity in diversity.
2. Cultural Celebration: Various cultural programs, literary events, and competitions such as essay writing, poetry, and debates are organized across schools, universities, and government institutions to celebrate the richness of the Hindi language.
3. Government Recognition: The Indian government acknowledges individuals and organizations for their contributions to promoting Hindi through awards like the Rajbhasha Awards.

Historical Context:

• Post-independence, there was a strong debate about what should be the official language of India, given its multilingual diversity. Hindi was chosen alongside English to be the official language, ensuring a gradual transition from English to Hindi for government and administrative purposes.
• September 14 was chosen to honor Beohar Rajendra Simha, who played a key role in the Constituent Assembly's decision to adopt Hindi.

Modern Relevance:

While Hindi is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India, Hindi Diwas also highlights ongoing efforts to promote Hindi in non-Hindi speaking regions, while balancing India's linguistic diversity. In recent years, the celebration has also sparked discussions about the coexistence of Hindi with other regional languages in India.

14 September - Anukulchandra Chakravarty birth anniversary

Anukulchandra Chakravarty (1888–1969), also known as Sree Sree Thakur Anukulchandra, was a prominent Indian spiritual leader, reformer, and the founder of the Satsang movement. Born on 14 September 1888, in Himachalpur, Pabna, in the Bengal Presidency (now in Bangladesh), he showed spiritual inclinations from an early age, combining his scientific knowledge with a deep sense of spirituality. In 1910, he established Satsang, a socio-spiritual organization aimed at promoting personal and collective spiritual growth, emphasizing truth, service, and love as the core principles of life. Anukulchandra’s teachings focused on self-realization, devotion to God, and the integration of science and religion. He believed that science and spirituality could work together for the progress of humanity, and he encouraged his followers to lead ethical lives dedicated to service and self-development.

In 1946, Anukulchandra moved to Deoghar, Bihar, due to the communal violence in Bengal, where he founded the Satsang Ashram, which became a major center for his spiritual and welfare activities. He emphasized the importance of social welfare, education, and moral living. His teachings have been compiled in several books, including "Satyanusaran" and "Punyapunthi", which continue to influence his followers. After his death on 27 January 1969, his followers continued the Satsang movement, which remains active today, spreading his message of love, unity, and spiritual growth. Anukulchandra’s legacy lives on through the Satsang Ashram and its continued philanthropic and spiritual activities.

The Government of India released a commemorative postage stamp, in 1987.