Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Non-Cooperation Movement in India. The movement was a significant phase in India's struggle for independence from British colonial rule and was launched on August 1, 1920.
The Non-Cooperation Movement was a form of civil disobedience and nonviolent resistance, based on the principle of non-cooperating with British authorities and institutions. Mahatma Gandhi believed in passive resistance as a means to exert political and social pressure on the British government to grant India independence.
The Non-Cooperation Movement gained widespread support across India, drawing people from various backgrounds, including students, peasants, workers, and professionals. The movement led to mass demonstrations, strikes, and protests, which shook the foundations of British rule in India.
However, in February 1922, the Non-Cooperation Movement was temporarily suspended by Gandhi after the Chauri Chaura incident, where a group of protestors turned violent, leading to the deaths of police officers. Gandhi believed in nonviolence and called off the movement to prevent further bloodshed.
Though the Non-Cooperation Movement was suspended, it left a lasting impact on India's freedom struggle, inspiring subsequent movements and shaping the course of the Indian independence movement. It demonstrated the power of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience as potent tools for achieving political change.
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