John Dalton was an English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist who is best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory. He was born on September 6, 1766, in Eaglesfield, Cumberland, England, and he passed away on July 27, 1844, in Manchester, England.
Dalton's most significant contribution was his atomic theory, which he proposed in the early 19th century. His theory suggested that all matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms. According to Dalton, atoms of different elements have different masses and combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.
Dalton's atomic theory provided a foundation for understanding the nature of matter and chemical reactions and laid the groundwork for modern atomic and molecular theory.
Apart from his work in chemistry, John Dalton also made contributions to other scientific fields. He was a skilled meteorologist and kept weather records for many years. He also studied color blindness, which led to his discovery of "Daltonism," now known as color vision deficiency.
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