12 June - Democracy Day in Nigeria

 

Democracy Day in Nigeria is celebrated annually on June 12. This day commemorates the country's return to democracy and honors the annulled 1993 presidential election, which is widely regarded as the freest and fairest election in Nigeria's history. Here’s a brief overview of its significance and history:

Significance of June 12

1. 1993 Presidential Election: On June 12, 1993, Nigeria held a historic presidential election. Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale (MKO) Abiola, the candidate of the Social Democratic Party (SDP), was poised to win against Bashir Tofa of the National Republican Convention (NRC).

2. Election Annulment: Despite the apparent victory of MKO Abiola, the military government led by General Ibrahim Babangida annulled the election, citing various irregularities. This led to widespread protests and civil unrest.

3. Struggle for Democracy: The annulment spurred a pro-democracy movement, with Nigerians demanding the actualization of the election results and the end of military rule. MKO Abiola himself declared himself president in 1994, which led to his arrest and imprisonment. He died in custody in 1998 under mysterious circumstances.

4. Return to Civilian Rule: Following a period of political turmoil and the death of military dictator General Sani Abacha in 1998, Nigeria transitioned to civilian rule on May 29, 1999, with Olusegun Obasanjo becoming the president.

Establishment of June 12 as Democracy Day

For many years, May 29 was observed as Democracy Day, marking the day Nigeria returned to civilian rule in 1999. However, in June 2018, President Muhammadu Buhari declared June 12 as the new Democracy Day to honor MKO Abiola and the significance of the 1993 election. This change was officially implemented in 2019.

Observance

Democracy Day is a public holiday in Nigeria, marked by various events including:

• Public Addresses: The President of Nigeria delivers a national address.
• Celebrations and Remembrances: Ceremonies and events are held to honor the struggle for democracy and the sacrifices of those who fought for it.
• Reflection: It serves as a day for Nigerians to reflect on the values of democracy, good governance, and the importance of free and fair elections.

Democracy Day underscores Nigeria's commitment to democratic principles and serves as a reminder of the nation's journey towards democratic governance.