Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis was a distinguished Indian scientist and statistician, renowned for his pioneering work in the field of statistics and for his significant contributions to the development of modern statistical methods in India. He was born on 29 June 1893, in Calcutta, British India (now Kolkata, India), and he passed away on 28 June 1972.
Mahalanobis was educated at the University of Calcutta and later at the University of Cambridge, where he studied under renowned statisticians such as Ronald Fisher. He played a crucial role in establishing the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Kolkata in 1931, which became a premier institution for statistical research and education in India.
One of Mahalanobis's most notable contributions to statistics is the development of the Mahalanobis distance, a measure used to quantify the distance between a point and a distribution. He also made significant contributions to the field of sample surveys, introducing innovative techniques that are widely used in survey research today.
In addition to his work in statistics, Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis made significant contributions to various other fields, including economics, planning, and policy-making. He played a key role in shaping India's economic development strategies, particularly through his involvement in the Planning Commission of India.
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis's contributions to statistics and science have earned him widespread recognition and accolades, both in India and internationally. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, one of India's highest civilian honors, in 1968. He is remembered as one of India's greatest statisticians and intellectuals, whose work continues to influence research and policymaking in India and beyond.
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