07 September - Queen Elizabeth I of Britain and Ireland was born.

 

Queen Elizabeth I was born on 07 September 1533 was one of England's most iconic monarchs, ruling from 1558 until her death. The daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, she ascended the throne after the brief reigns of her half-siblings, Edward VI and Mary I. Elizabeth's reign, known as the Elizabethan Era, is often considered a golden age in English history, marked by flourishing arts, exploration, and national pride.

Key Aspects of Her Reign:

1. Religious Settlement: One of Elizabeth's earliest and most significant acts as queen was to establish a religious settlement that restored Protestantism after her Catholic predecessor, Mary I. She declared herself the Supreme Governor of the Church of England, solidifying the Anglican Church and avoiding religious extremism on either side. Her policy of via media (middle way) sought to balance Protestant and Catholic interests.

2. The Spanish Armada (1588): Elizabeth's reign saw a significant rivalry with Catholic Spain, culminating in the famous defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. This event not only secured England's safety from invasion but also boosted Elizabeth's popularity and England's national pride.

3. Cultural Renaissance: The Elizabethan Era was a time of significant cultural achievement, particularly in literature and theatre. Writers such as William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and Edmund Spenser thrived under her patronage. This period is often regarded as one of the greatest in English literary history.

4. Exploration and Expansion: Elizabeth supported explorers like Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh, who helped expand England’s global influence through exploration and colonization. This laid the groundwork for the future British Empire.

5. Marriage and Succession: Elizabeth never married, earning her the title "The Virgin Queen." Her decision to remain single avoided potential conflicts that a foreign or English husband might have brought. However, it left the issue of succession uncertain. After her death, the crown passed to James VI of Scotland, uniting England and Scotland under one monarch.

6. Personality and Leadership: Elizabeth was known for her intelligence, charisma, and political savvy. She managed to maintain a delicate balance between her advisors and the factions at court, playing a pivotal role in shaping her own image and power. Her speeches, including the famous address to her troops at Tilbury, showcased her skill as a leader.

Elizabeth I’s reign ended with her death on 24 March 1603 and she was succeeded by James I, marking the end of the Tudor dynasty. Despite the challenges she faced, her 45-year reign is remembered as a period of national strength, cultural richness, and relative stability.

07 September - Bhanumathi (Actress) Birth anniversary

 

Bhanumathi Ramakrishna was an iconic Indian actress, singer, director, producer, and writer, known for her work primarily in Telugu cinema, as well as in Tamil and Hindi films. Born on 07 September  1925, in Doddavaram, Andhra Pradesh, she was a pioneering figure in Indian cinema and made significant contributions in various capacities.

Bhanumathi was celebrated for her versatility, excelling in acting, playback singing, and directing. She made her acting debut in the early 1940s and went on to star in numerous successful films like Malliswari (1951), which became a classic in Telugu cinema. Her performances were marked by depth and emotional range, and she played a wide variety of roles, from romantic leads to more complex characters.

Apart from acting, Bhanumathi was also a talented musician and playback singer. She even composed music for some of her films. Her singing voice was known for its richness and expressiveness, contributing to her popularity.

In addition to acting and singing, Bhanumathi became one of the first female directors in Indian cinema, directing and producing films through her production company, Bharani Pictures. Her film Chandirani (1953) was one of the early films directed by a woman in India.

She was a recipient of numerous awards, including the Padma Bhushan, one of India's highest civilian honors, in recognition of her immense contributions to the arts. Bhanumathi Ramakrishna passed away on 24 December 2005, but her legacy continues to inspire generations of artists.

07 September - Umaji Naik birth a niversary

 

Umaji Naik (7 September 1791 – 3 February 1832) was an Indian revolutionary who challenged the British rule in India around 1826 to 1832. He fought against East India company and company rule.

Soon after the fall of Maratha Empire, Naik raised a tiny army against the British. His anti-British manifesto asked the country-men to fight against the foreign rulers. To capture him, the British Government announced a bounty of 10,000 rupees. Betrayed by another Ramoshi named Nana Raghu Chavan British arrested him, inquired then hold him guilty and hanged till death on 3 Feb 1834 in Pune.
 

07 September - INTERPOL Foundation Day

 

 

The organization today known as Interpol was founded on 7 September 1923 at the close of a five-day 1923 International Police Congress in Vienna as the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC); it adopted many of its current duties throughout the 1930s.

INTERPOL was set up in 1923 by 20 countries who saw an urgent need to facilitate cooperation between police across borders.

Since then, the world has changed but the need for such cooperation remains as strong as ever. INTERPOL’s role remains unique as it is the only organization with the mandate and technical infrastructure to share police information globally.

Today, INTERPOL plays a central role in the global security architecture, representing stability, offering neutrality and inspiring trust in a fast-changing world.

07 September -Neerja Bhanot birth anniversary

  

Neerja Bhanot was a courageous Indian flight attendant who was born on September 7, 1963, and tragically lost her life on September 5, 1986. Her life story is an inspiring and moving one that showcases her selflessness and bravery in the face of danger.

Neerja Bhanot's most notable act of heroism occurred during the Pan Am Flight 73 hijacking on September 5, 1986. She was the senior flight purser on the flight, which was en route from Mumbai, India, to the United States with a stopover in Karachi, Pakistan. The aircraft was hijacked by terrorists from the Abu Nidal Organization.

Despite being in a perilous situation, Neerja Bhanot displayed remarkable courage and quick thinking. She helped hide the passports of American passengers on the plane to protect them from the terrorists and managed to communicate with the ground crew to convey crucial information about the hijackers' activities. Her actions allowed many passengers to escape through emergency exits while she, along with some other crew members, remained on board.

Tragically, Neerja Bhanot lost her life while shielding three children from gunfire during the hijacking. She was posthumously awarded several honors for her bravery, including the Ashoka Chakra, India's highest peacetime gallantry award. Her sacrifice and heroism continue to be remembered and celebrated in India and around the world.

Neerja Bhanot's story is a testament to the bravery and selflessness of individuals in the face of adversity, and she is considered a symbol of courage and inspiration for generations to come. Her birthday, September 7th, is observed as "Neerja Bhanot Day" in India to honor her memory and commemorate her extraordinary act of heroism.

06 September - John Dalton birth anniversary

 

John Dalton was born on September 6, 1766, and passed away on July 27, 1844. He was an English chemist and physicist whose groundbreaking work in the early 19th century laid the foundation for modern atomic theory. His birth and death dates span a lifetime dedicated to scientific inquiry.

Dalton's most renowned contribution was his atomic theory, which proposed that all matter is composed of indivisible particles known as atoms. His theory revolutionized the field of chemistry by providing a clear framework for understanding the composition and behavior of elements and compounds. Additionally, he formulated the Law of Multiple Proportions, which further supported the concept of atoms as the fundamental units of matter.

Dalton's work on atomic weights and his system of relative atomic weights based on hydrogen as the standard were instrumental in advancing our knowledge of the composition of elements. His legacy endures as a cornerstone of modern chemistry, and his birth and death dates mark the remarkable journey of a scientist whose ideas continue to shape our understanding of the physical world.

 

06 September - Ministry of Relief and Rehabilitation of Refugees created in 1947

 

 

On September 6, 1947, the Indian government create a new ministry called the "Ministry of Relief and Rehabilitation of Refugees" to address the significant refugee crisis resulting from the partition of India into two separate nations, India and Pakistan.

This ministry was established to provide assistance and support to the millions of people who were displaced and faced dire humanitarian conditions during and after the partition. It played a crucial role in helping refugees rebuild their lives and find new homes.

05 September - Jagdeo Prasad death anniversary

Babu Jagdeo Prasad ( 02 February 1922 – 05 September 1974) was a prominent Indian socialist leader and activist, often referred to as the "Lenin of Bihar" for his unwavering dedication to social justice and the rights of the oppressed. Born into a poor, socially marginalized family in Kurtha, Arwal district, Bihar, Prasad experienced firsthand the harsh realities of caste-based discrimination and economic inequality. He pursued higher education at Patna University, where he became deeply involved in socialist ideologies and student politics. Throughout his political career, Prasad was a fierce advocate for the backward classes, Dalits, and other marginalized communities, opposing the entrenched upper-caste dominance in Bihar.

In 1967, he founded the Shoshit Dal (Party of the Exploited), which focused on representing the interests of these communities and pushing for land reforms, reservations in education and employment, and greater political representation. Prasad's fiery speeches and commitment to challenging social injustices made him a significant figure in Bihar's socialist movement. Tragically, on 5 September 1974, he was killed by police forces during a protest in his hometown, marking him as a martyr for the cause of social justice. His legacy continues to inspire movements for equality and justice in India, particularly in Bihar, where his contributions are deeply revered.

05 September - Jayant Pandurang Naik birth anniversary

 

Jayant Pandurang Naik, also known as J. P. Naik (5 September 1907 – 30 August 1981) was an Indian educator.

A great humanist, freedom fighter, polymath, encyclopedic thinker and socialist educationist. Recognized by the UNESCO alongside Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi as three pioneering educationists, J.P. Naik is also known as an institution maker. Born at very small town in Kolhapur district Bahirewadi, Taluka-Ajara

He founded the Indian Institute of Education in 1948

He served as Member Secretary of the Indian Education Commission from 1964 to 1966

He also was Educational Adviser to the Government of India

05 September - Munich massacre occurred during the Summer Olympics in Munich in 1972

 

 

On September 5, 1972, the Munich massacre occurred during the Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. Members of a Palestinian terrorist group known as "Black September" stormed the Olympic Village, where athletes were staying, and took 11 members of the Israeli Olympic team hostage. The terrorists demanded the release of Palestinian prisoners held in Israel and the release of two German radicals in exchange for the hostages' lives.

Tragically, the situation escalated when a failed rescue attempt by German authorities at the Fürstenfeldbruck airbase resulted in a shootout between the terrorists and the police. In the end, all 11 Israeli athletes, along with a German police officer and five of the terrorists, lost their lives during the tragic events that unfolded. This event remains one of the most infamous acts of terrorism in the history of the Olympic Games and had a profound impact on future security measures at international sporting events.