01 January - Hasrat Mohani birth anniversary

 

Syed Fazlul Hasan, known by his pen name Hasrat Mohani, was a renowned Indian Urdu poet, freedom fighter, and politician.

• Birth Date: Hasrat Mohani was born on 01 January 1875 in the town of Mohan, in the Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India.

• Urdu Poetry: Hasrat Mohani was a prolific Urdu poet who contributed significantly to the world of Urdu literature. His ghazals and poems are known for their rich and evocative language. He was an important figure in the Progressive Writers' Movement, which aimed to bring about social change through literature and art.

• Freedom Fighter: Mohani was deeply involved in the Indian freedom struggle. He was a member of the Indian National Congress and was known for his fiery speeches and writings against British colonial rule. He was actively involved in the Khilafat Movement and the Non-Cooperation Movement initiated by Mahatma Gandhi.

• Political Career: Hasrat Mohani later turned his attention to politics and became a member of the Constituent Assembly of India. He was an advocate for the rights and interests of Muslims in India and worked towards their political representation.

• Death Date: Hasrat Mohani passed away on 13th May 1951 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.

Hasrat Mohani's life was marked by his literary contributions, his active role in India's struggle for independence, and his dedication to advocating for the rights of various communities in India. His work as a poet and freedom fighter continues to be celebrated and remembered in India's cultural and political history.

01 January - USA celebrates National Hobby Month

 

January is National Hobby Month, the perfect time of year to pick up a new hobby, or get back into an old one that you haven't thought about in a while! The great thing about having a hobby is that it can take your mind off the pressure of work or other daily stresses. Sit down and think about what you really love to do. Consider what sparks passion in your life or what makes you curious. 

Finding a good hobby and giving yourself time to take part in it on a daily or weekly basis is sure to make you happier, and maybe even healthier.

Here are some suggestions for Hobby Month:

1. Try Something New: Pick up a hobby you've always been curious about but never tried. It could be painting, playing a musical instrument, coding, gardening, or anything else that interests you.

2. Dedicate Time: Set aside specific times during the week to engage in your chosen hobby. This helps create a routine and ensures that you prioritize your hobby amidst your daily activities.

3. Join a Club or Group: Many hobbies have local clubs or online communities where enthusiasts gather. Joining a group can provide motivation, support, and the opportunity to learn from others.

4. Document Your Progress: Whether it's through a blog, journal, or social media, document your journey in your chosen hobby. It can be motivating to see how far you've come and share your experiences with others.

5. Combine Hobbies: Get creative by combining different hobbies. For example, if you're into photography, you could document your cooking experiments or outdoor adventures.

6. Teach Others: If you become proficient in your hobby, consider teaching others. It could be a friend, family member, or even through online platforms. Teaching is a great way to solidify your own knowledge and connect with others who share your interests.

7. Visit Hobby Shops or Events: Explore local hobby shops, attend workshops, or participate in events related to your hobby. This can introduce you to new tools, techniques, and like-minded individuals.

8. Set Goals: Define achievable goals for the month. Whether it's completing a specific project, reaching a certain skill level, or simply dedicating a set amount of time each day, having goals can keep you focused and motivated.

Remember, the key is to have fun and enjoy the process. Happy Hobby Month!

 

01 January - Satyendra Nath Bose birth anniversary

 

Satyendra Nath Bose (1894-1974) was an Indian physicist best known for his collaboration with Albert Einstein in developing the theory of the Bose-Einstein condensate, a state of matter that occurs at extremely low temperatures. He was born on 01 January 1894, in Kolkata, India.

Bose's early education was in Calcutta (now Kolkata), where he excelled in mathematics and physics. He continued his studies at the University of Calcutta, where he earned his Bachelor's degree in science. Later, he pursued postgraduate studies at the University of Calcutta and the University of Dhaka, earning his Master's degree in science.

Bose's most significant contribution to physics came in 1924 when he sent a groundbreaking research paper to Albert Einstein. The paper described a statistical model that applied quantum mechanics to photons (particles of light) and predicted certain behaviors of particles at extremely low temperatures. Einstein was impressed by Bose's work and translated the paper into German, ensuring its wider recognition and publication. As a result, the theoretical framework laid out by Bose became known as "Bose-Einstein statistics."

The Bose-Einstein statistics led to the prediction of a new state of matter at very low temperatures, where a large number of particles occupy the same quantum state, forming what is now known as the Bose-Einstein condensate. This unique state was experimentally realized many decades later in 1995.

In recognition of his groundbreaking contributions to the field of physics, Satyendra Nath Bose was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society, London, in 1958. He also served as a professor and a senior faculty member at the University of Dhaka and at the University of Calcutta.

Beyond his scientific achievements, Bose was known for his humility and simplicity. He remained committed to promoting science education and research in India and played a crucial role in establishing the Indian Statistical Institute in Kolkata.

Satyendra Nath Bose passed away on 04 February 1974, leaving behind a lasting legacy in the field of physics and a name forever associated with the concept of the Bose-Einstein condensate and Bose-Einstein statistics.

01 January - General George Washington hoisted the first United States flag at the Grand Union Flag at Prospect Hill.

 

General George Washington hoisted the first United States flag, known as the Grand Union Flag, at Prospect Hill on January 1, 1776, is historically accurate.

The Grand Union Flag, also known as the Continental Colors, was a precursor to the Stars and Stripes. It consisted of thirteen alternating red and white horizontal stripes, representing the thirteen American colonies, with the British Union Jack in the upper left corner.

On January 1, 1776, General George Washington ordered the hoisting of the Grand Union Flag at Prospect Hill in Somerville, Massachusetts. This event is considered a significant moment in the early history of the United States, symbolizing the colonies' growing resistance to British rule during the American Revolutionary War. The Stars and Stripes, the official flag of the United States, would be adopted later, on June 14, 1777.

 

01 January - General Manekshaw was made Field Marshal

 

Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, popularly known as Sam Bahadur, was made a Field Marshal on 01 January 1973. He was the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which resulted in the creation of Bangladesh. His promotion to the rank of Field Marshal was in recognition of his exceptional leadership and contribution during the war.

Sam Manekshaw was born on 03 April 1914 and he passed away on 27 June 2008. He remains one of the most respected military leaders in India, known for his strategic acumen, wit, and dedication to the armed forces.

 

01 January -The Declaration by United Nations was signed by twenty-six nations in 1942

 

The Declaration by United Nations was signed on 01 January 1942, during World War II. Representatives from 26 Allied nations came together and signed the document in Washington, D.C. The signatories pledged their support for the principles outlined in the Atlantic Charter and agreed to work together in the common cause against the Axis powers.

The signatories of the Declaration by United Nations were the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Poland, South Africa, and Yugoslavia.

The term "United Nations" was first coined in this declaration, and it was later adopted as the official name for the coalition of countries fighting against the Axis powers. The principles outlined in the declaration laid the foundation for the establishment of the United Nations as an international organization dedicated to maintaining peace and security after the conclusion of World War II.

 

01 January - DRDO Day

 

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Day is celebrated on 01 January every year. DRDO is an agency of the Government of India that is responsible for the development of technology and products for defense purposes. The organization was established in 1958, and 01 January is observed as DRDO Day to mark its foundation day.

DRDO plays a crucial role in India's defense capabilities, working on a wide range of projects related to missile systems, aeronautics, naval systems, electronics, and more. DRDO Day is an occasion to recognize and celebrate the achievements and contributions of the organization in enhancing the country's defense capabilities.

On DRDO Day, various events, seminars, and award ceremonies are organized to highlight the achievements of scientists, engineers, and researchers associated with DRDO. It is an opportunity to showcase advancements in defense technology and research and to inspire future developments in the field.

01 January - Calcutta was officially renamed Kolkata in 2001

 

Calcutta was officially renamed Kolkata, but the date of the renaming was 01 January 2001. The change in the name was part of a broader trend in India to revert to the local and historical names of cities.

The decision to change the name from Calcutta to Kolkata was made by the Government of West Bengal. This change was aimed at reflecting the correct pronunciation of the city's name in the Bengali language and aligning with the linguistic preferences of the local population. The renaming officially took effect on 01 January 2001.

 

01 January - The Republic of China was established in 1912

 

The establishment of the Republic of China (ROC) is associated with the events of the Xinhai Revolution, which culminated in the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China on  01 January 1912.

Key points regarding the establishment of the Republic of China:

1. Xinhai Revolution: The Xinhai Revolution, also known as the 1911 Revolution, was a series of uprisings and revolts against the Qing Dynasty, which was the last imperial dynasty in China. The revolution began on 10 October 1911, with an armed uprising in Wuchang, Hubei province.

2. Proclamation of the Republic: On 01 January 1912, Sun Yat-sen, a key figure in the revolutionary movement and a founding member of the Kuomintang (KMT) party, officially proclaimed the establishment of the Republic of China. Sun Yat-sen became the provisional president.

3. End of Imperial Rule: The establishment of the Republic marked the end of over two millennia of imperial rule in China. The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi, abdicated in 1912, formally bringing an end to the dynastic system.

4. Founding Principles: The Republic of China was founded on the principles of nationalism, democracy, and people's livelihood. However, political instability persisted, and the early years of the Republic were marked by power struggles, regional divisions, and foreign interventions.

5. Shifts in Government: After Sun Yat-sen, there were various shifts in power, and political and military leaders like Yuan Shikai and Chiang Kai-shek played significant roles in shaping the destiny of the Republic.

The establishment of the Republic of China was a momentous event in Chinese history, symbolizing the end of the imperial era and the beginning of attempts to modernize and reform the country. The Republic of China, which initially had its capital in Nanjing, would later face challenges, including internal conflicts and external pressures, leading to the complex historical developments in 20th-century China.

01 January - Sir Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar death anniversary

 

Sir Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar OBE, FNI, FASc,FRS,FRIC, FInstP (21 February 1894 – 01 January 1955) was an Indian colloid chemist, academic and scientific administrator. The first director-general of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), he is revered as the "father of research laboratories" in India. He was also the first Chairman of the University Grants Commission (UGC).

In 1958, to honour his name and legacy, the Indian Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) instituted the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology for scientists who have made significant contributions in various branches of science.

Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar was elected one of the first Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences (FASc) in 1934; he was appointed a Foundation Fellow of the National Institute of Sciences of India (FNI; now the Indian National Science Academy) the following year.For his contributions to pure and applied chemistry, Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1936 New Year Honours List.The British government knighted him in the 1941 New Year Honours List for his contributions to the advancement of science.Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar was appointed a Fellow of the Institute of Physics (FInstP) in 1942, and was also appointed a Fellow of the Royal Institute of Chemistry (FRIC) that year.In 1943 the Society of Chemical Industry, London, elected him as Honorary Member and later as Vice-President. Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1943.

In independent India, he was the President of the Indian Chemical Society, National Institute of Sciences of India and the Indian National Science Congress. He was awarded Padma Bhushan by the government of India in 1954.