13 September - Milton Snavely Hershey birth anniversary

 

Milton Snavely Hershey was a visionary American chocolatier, philanthropist, and founder of the Hershey Chocolate Company. His journey to success was marked by several business failures before he eventually revolutionized the chocolate industry.

Early Life:

Milton was born on September 13, 1857, to Henry and Fannie Hershey in Derry Township, Pennsylvania. His family was of Swiss and German descent. His early years were marked by instability, as his father was a dreamer who often moved the family around. Milton had limited formal education and dropped out of school after the fourth grade to become an apprentice to a local printer. However, his passion lay elsewhere, and he eventually secured an apprenticeship with a confectioner in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

Early Business Ventures:

Hershey's early career was filled with challenges and failures. He tried starting a candy business in Philadelphia in 1876, but it folded after six years. Similar ventures in Chicago and New York City also failed. Undeterred, Hershey returned to Lancaster and started the Lancaster Caramel Company, using fresh milk to make his caramel candies. This innovation proved to be a huge success, and by the late 1880s, his business was thriving.

The Birth of the Hershey Chocolate Company:

In the 1890s, Hershey became fascinated by the potential of chocolate. At the time, chocolate was a luxury product in the United States, and he saw an opportunity to make it affordable for the masses. In 1893, after visiting the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Hershey purchased chocolate-making equipment. He eventually sold his Lancaster Caramel Company for $1 million in 1900 and fully dedicated himself to chocolate-making.

In 1905, Hershey built a massive, modern chocolate factory in Derry Township, where he grew up. This area would soon be known as Hershey, Pennsylvania, a town he envisioned as a model community for his workers. He developed a unique formula for milk chocolate, making it affordable and accessible to the average American consumer. His signature product, the Hershey's Milk Chocolate Bar, became a national sensation.

Philanthropy and Legacy:

Hershey's vision extended beyond business. In 1909, he and his wife, Catherine "Kitty" Hershey, established the Hershey Industrial School (now the Milton Hershey School) for orphaned boys. The school provided education, housing, and care for disadvantaged children, and Hershey transferred the bulk of his wealth to the school’s trust fund. He had no children of his own, and his immense fortune was directed toward the betterment of the community and the welfare of orphans.

Milton Hershey’s philanthropic spirit continued throughout his life, including his funding of the construction of Hershey Park, the Hershey Theatre, and the Hershey Hotel, creating an entire community around the chocolate empire.

Death and Legacy:

Milton Hershey passed away on October 13, 1945, at the age of 88. His contributions to American industry and philanthropy remain significant. The town of Hershey, Pennsylvania, still thrives as a testament to his vision, and the Hershey Company continues to be one of the largest and most recognizable chocolate manufacturers in the world. His school, the Milton Hershey School, is one of the wealthiest and most well-endowed private schools in the United States.

Hershey’s legacy is not just about chocolate but also about his innovative business practices, his dedication to workers, and his deep commitment to philanthropy.

13 September - Deputy Prime Minister of India Vallabhbhai Patel ordered the Army to move into Hyderabad in 1948

 

On 13 September 1948, India's Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister Vallabhbhai Patel ordered the Indian Army to launch "Operation Polo", aimed at integrating the princely state of Hyderabad into the Indian Union. Hyderabad, under its Nizam, had not acceded to India after independence in 1947 and had sought to remain independent. Tensions escalated as the Nizam, backed by his militia known as the Razakars, resisted integration.

The operation, involving around 36,000 Indian troops, was brief, lasting only five days from 13 to 18 September. The Hyderabad State forces and the Razakars were quickly overwhelmed, and by 17 September 1948, the Nizam announced his surrender. This led to the successful incorporation of Hyderabad into the Indian Union, marking a significant step in the consolidation of post-independence India.

This decisive military action was one of Vallabhbhai Patel's key moves to unify the newly independent nation.

13 September - Shane Warne birth anniversary

 

Shane Warne, born on September 13, 1969, in Ferntree Gully, Victoria, Australia, was one of the most legendary and influential figures in the history of cricket. He was a highly skilled leg-spin bowler and is often regarded as one of the greatest cricketers of all time.

Key points about Shane Warne:

1. Cricket Career: Shane Warne made his debut for the Australian national cricket team in 1992 and quickly rose to prominence with his exceptional spin bowling. His ability to deliver a wide range of leg-spin variations, including the famous "Ball of the Century" that bamboozled England's Mike Gatting in 1993, made him a cricketing sensation.

2. Record-Breaking Career: Warne's international cricket career was filled with remarkable achievements. He retired as the leading wicket-taker in Test cricket, with 708 wickets, a record that stood for many years until it was surpassed. He was known for his ability to take crucial wickets in critical situations.

3. Ashes Dominance: Shane Warne played a pivotal role in Australia's dominance in Test cricket, especially during the Ashes series against England. His performances in the Ashes series are legendary and contributed to Australia's success.

4. Spin Wizardry: Warne's bowling artistry, characterized by his prodigious turn and control of the cricket ball, made him a favorite among cricket fans worldwide. He was a master of deception and could extract extraordinary spin from any pitch.

5. Controversies: Despite his cricketing prowess, Warne was not without controversies. He faced several off-field issues, including bans for doping and involvement in gambling-related incidents.

6. Off the Field: Beyond cricket, Shane Warne was known for his larger-than-life personality, charisma, and appearances on television shows. He had a significant impact on popular culture and was a beloved figure in Australia.

7. Legacy: Shane Warne's legacy in the world of cricket is indelible. He inspired a generation of spin bowlers and left an enduring mark on the sport. His contributions to cricket continue to be celebrated, and his name is synonymous with excellence in spin bowling.

Sadly, Shane Warne passed away on March 4, 2022, at the age of 52. His untimely death was met with an outpouring of tributes from cricket enthusiasts and fellow cricketers, highlighting the profound impact he had on the game and the hearts of cricket fans around the world.

13 September - Uncle Sam Day

 

Uncle Sam Day, celebrated on September 13th in the United States, pays homage to the iconic figure of Uncle Sam. This enduring symbol represents the American government and the collective identity of the American people.

The origins of Uncle Sam can be traced back to the early 19th century, with his character evolving over time. He is typically depicted as a tall, bearded man sporting red, white, and blue attire, complete with a top hat adorned with stars and stripes. His iconic image is often accompanied by the famous phrase "I Want You," which has been used in recruitment posters during wartime, emphasizing patriotism and civic duty.

Uncle Sam's historical roots can be linked to Samuel Wilson, a meatpacker from Troy, New York, who supplied beef to the American military during the War of 1812. Barrels of Wilson's meat were labeled "U.S." for United States, and soldiers humorously began calling the food "Uncle Sam's." This playful moniker gradually evolved into a powerful symbol representing the United States government.

Uncle Sam's image has left an indelible mark on American culture, appearing in various forms of art, literature, and popular culture. During times of conflict, he has played a pivotal role in recruitment campaigns and propaganda, rallying citizens to support the nation's war efforts.

 

13 September - Venda was granted a form of self-governance in 1979

 

Venda was granted a form of self-governance on 13 September  1979, when it was declared an independent republic by the apartheid government of South Africa. This was not recognized internationally and was part of the apartheid policy of creating separate homelands for different ethnic groups. Venda's "independence" was thus a step in the apartheid regime's strategy to disenfranchise black South Africans.

This status was abolished on 27 April 1994, when South Africa held its first democratic elections, marking the end of apartheid and the reintegration of all bantustans into a united South Africa. Therefore, while 13 September 1979, is a notable date in the history of Venda, it is not celebrated as an independence day in the conventional sense. Instead, South Africa celebrates 27 April as Freedom Day, commemorating the first post-apartheid elections.

 

13 September - Roald Dahl birth anniversary

 

Roald Dahl (September 13, 1916 – November 23, 1990) was a British novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, and fighter pilot during World War II. He is celebrated for his imaginative and whimsical stories, primarily written for children, which have become beloved classics of children's literature.

Born in Wales, Dahl's writing career took off with his first children's book, "The Gremlins," published in 1943. However, he is perhaps best known for works such as "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory," "Matilda," "The BFG," and "James and the Giant Peach." Dahl's stories often featured memorable characters and a unique blend of humor and dark elements.

His writing was characterized by its ability to captivate both children and adults, with a touch of irreverence and an understanding of the challenges and joys of childhood. Roald Dahl's legacy lives on through his timeless books, which continue to enchant and inspire readers of all ages around the world.

 

13 September - Super Mario Bros. was released in Japan in 1985

 

On September 13, 1985, the iconic video game "Super Mario Bros." was released in Japan. Created by the legendary video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto and published by Nintendo, "Super Mario Bros." is one of the most influential and beloved video games in history.

The game follows the adventures of Mario, a mustachioed plumber, and his brother Luigi as they embark on a quest to rescue Princess Peach (originally known as Princess Toadstool) from the villainous King Bowser (also known as King Koopa). "Super Mario Bros." introduced players to the colorful Mushroom Kingdom, filled with challenging levels, power-ups like the Super Mushroom and Fire Flower, and memorable enemies like Goombas and Koopa Troopas.

The game's innovative design, engaging gameplay, and catchy music contributed to its immense popularity, and it played a pivotal role in revitalizing the video game industry, particularly after the video game crash of 1983. "Super Mario Bros." became a cultural phenomenon, helping establish Nintendo and Mario as household names.

Over the years, "Super Mario Bros." has spawned numerous sequels, spin-offs, and adaptations in various forms of media. The character Mario has become an iconic mascot for Nintendo and one of the most recognizable and beloved figures in the world of video games.

13 September - Talimeren Ao death anniversary

 

Talimeren Ao is known for his significant role in Indian sports history. He was a notable Indian footballer and is often credited as the captain of the Indian national football team that participated in the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. This event was particularly significant because it marked India's first appearance in Olympic football after gaining independence in 1947.

Talimeren Ao was not only a skilled footballer but also a medical doctor. His contributions to Indian football and his achievements as a player and captain during the 1948 Olympics are remembered with great pride in the history of Indian sports.

He passed away on September 13, 1998.

12 September - The Battle of Saragarhi ( Saragarhi Day )

 

The Battle of Saragarhi took place on 12 September 1897, during the Tirah Campaign on the northwest frontier of British India, which is now in modern-day Pakistan. This battle is one of the most celebrated last stands in military history.

Key Details:

• Context: The Saragarhi post was a communication relay between two important British forts, Fort Lockhart and Fort Gulistan, located in the rugged terrain of the North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa).
• The Sikh Soldiers: The 21 Sikh soldiers were from the 36th Sikh Regiment of the British Indian Army, led by Havildar Ishar Singh. These soldiers chose to fight to the last man despite being heavily outnumbered.
• Pashtun Forces: Around 10,000 Pashtun tribesmen from the Afridi and Orakzai tribes launched a massive attack on the post, which was vital for the British military communication network.
• Casualties: The Sikh soldiers fought valiantly, killing hundreds of attackers before all of them were overrun and killed. The Pashtun forces suffered significant losses despite their overwhelming numbers.

Legacy:

The courage and sacrifice of the Sikh soldiers in the face of impossible odds have made this battle legendary, especially in Sikh and Indian military history. All 21 soldiers were posthumously awarded the Indian Order of Merit, the highest gallantry award given to Indian soldiers at that time, equivalent to the Victoria Cross.

The Battle of Saragarhi is remembered annually, and Saragarhi Day is observed to honor the bravery of those soldiers.

12 September - National Police Woman Day USA

 

National Police Woman Day is observed in the United States on September 12 each year. It honors the contributions of women in law enforcement and acknowledges their dedication to protecting communities and upholding the law. Women have played an increasingly significant role in police forces across the country since the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The day serves to celebrate their achievements, raise awareness of the challenges they face in a traditionally male-dominated field, and encourage more women to pursue careers in law enforcement. It also provides an opportunity to reflect on the progress made towards gender equality in policing and recognize the importance of diversity within law enforcement agencies.