17 July - Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis born in 1698

Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (17 July 1698 – 27 July 1759)was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters. He became the Director of the Académie des Sciences, and the first President of the Prussian Academy of Science, at the invitation of Frederick the Great.

Maupertuis made an expedition to Lapland to determine the shape of the Earth. He is often credited with having invented the principle of least action; a version is known as Maupertuis's principle – an integral equation that determines the path followed by a physical system. His work in natural history is interesting in relation to modern science, since he touched on aspects of heredity and the struggle for life.

17 July - First public flight Stealth Bomber 1989

The Northrop (later Northrop Grumman) B-2 Spirit, also known as the Stealth Bomber, is an American heavy strategic bomber, featuring low observable stealth technology designed for penetrating dense anti-aircraft defenses; it is a flying wing design with a crew of two.The bomber can deploy both conventional and thermonuclear weapons, such as up to eighty 500-pound class (230 kg) Mk 82 JDAM Global Positioning System-guided bombs, or sixteen 2,400-pound (1,100 kg) B83 nuclear bombs. The B-2 is the only acknowledged aircraft that can carry large air-to-surface standoff weapons in a stealth configuration.

The B-2's (s/n 82-1066 / AV-1) first public flight was on 17 July 1989 from Palmdale to Edwards AFB.

01 July - Amy Johnson born in year 1903

Amy Johnson (1903–1941) was a pioneering English aviator who became the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia. Here are some key points about her life and achievements:

Early Life and Education

• Born: 01 July 1903, in Kingston upon Hull, England.
• Education: Graduated from the University of Sheffield with a degree in economics.

Aviation Career

• Aviation Beginnings: Developed an interest in flying in her mid-20s. She obtained her pilot's license in 1929 and also became the first British woman to earn a ground engineer's license.

Record-Breaking Flights

• England to Australia: On 05 May 1930, she embarked on a solo flight from Croydon, England, to Darwin, Australia, in a Gipsy Moth biplane named "Jason." She completed the journey on  24 May 1930, covering approximately 11,000 miles (18,000 kilometers).
• Other Flights: Johnson set numerous long-distance flying records throughout the 1930s, including flights to Tokyo, Cape Town, and across the Atlantic.

Later Years and War Efforts

• World War II: During the war, Johnson served in the Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA), ferrying aircraft from factories to RAF bases.
• Death: On 05 January 1941, Johnson's plane went down in the Thames Estuary under mysterious circumstances. Despite search and rescue efforts, her body was never recovered.

Legacy

• Honors: Amy Johnson received numerous awards and accolades, including the Harmon Trophy and the Segrave Trophy.
• Impact: Her achievements inspired countless women in aviation and other fields, breaking gender barriers and demonstrating remarkable courage and skill.

Memorials

• Statues and Plaques: There are various memorials dedicated to her, including statues in Hull and memorial plaques at significant locations related to her flights.
• Amy Johnson Memorial Airshow: An airshow held in her honor continues to celebrate her contributions to aviation.

Amy Johnson's legacy as a pioneering aviator remains significant, marking her as one of the most influential figures in early aviation history.

21 June - International Day of Yoga

Yoga Day, is celebrated annually on 21 June since its inception in 2015. An international day for yoga was declared unanimously by the United Nations General Assembly. Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice originated in India.

 

11 June - Sane Guruji- Pandurang Sadashiv Sane rememberence 1950

 

Pandurang Sadashiv Sane (Marathi: पांडुरंग सदाशिव साने) 24 December 1899 – 11 June 1950), also known as Sane Guruji (Guruji meaning "respected teacher") by his students and followers, was a Marathi author, teacher, social activist and freedom fighter from Maharashtra, India. He is referred to as the National Teacher of India.

03 June - International World Bicycle Day

In April 2018, the United Nations General Assembly declared June 3 as International World Bicycle Day.The resolution for World Bicycle Day recognizes "the uniqueness, longevity and versatility of the bicycle, which has been in use for two centuries, and that it is a simple, affordable, reliable, clean and environmentally fit sustainable means of transport."

30 May - Guru Arjan rememberence 1606

 

Guru Arjan (15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606)was the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith and the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus. He compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth, which later expanded into the Guru Granth Sahib.

He was born in Goindval, in the Punjab, the youngest son of Bhai Jetha, who later became Guru Ram Das, and Mata Bhani, the daughter of Guru Amar Das.He completed the construction of Darbar Sahib at Amritsar, after the fourth Sikh Guru founded the town and built a pool.Guru Arjan compiled the hymns of previous Gurus and of other saints into Adi Granth, the first edition of the Sikh scripture, and installed it in the Harimandir Sahib.

Guru Arjan reorganized the Masands system initiated by Guru Ram Das, by suggesting that the Sikhs donate, if possible, one-tenth of their income, goods or service to the Sikh organization (dasvand). The Masand not only collected these funds but also taught tenets of Sikhism and settled civil disputes in their region. The dasvand financed the building of gurdwaras and langars (shared communal kitchens).

Guru Arjan was arrested under the orders of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir and asked by him to remove all references to Hinduism and Islam in his book. He refused, was tortured and executed in 1606 CE. Historical records and the Sikh tradition are unclear whether Guru Arjan was executed by drowning or died during torture.His martyrdom is considered a watershed event in the history of Sikhism.It is remembered as Shaheedi Divas of Guru Arjan in May or June according to the Nanakshahi calendar released by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee in 2003.

27 May - The Queen Mary sailed her maiden voyage 1936

 

ON THIS DAY: 27th May 1936 

The Queen Mary sailed on her maiden voyage and won the Blue Riband that August; she lost the title to SS Normandie in 1937 and recaptured it in 1938, holding it until 1952, when it was taken by the new SS United States. With the outbreak of World War II, she was converted into a troopship and ferried Allied soldiers during the conflict. The 80,000 + tonne British Liner sailed primarily on the North Atlantic Ocean from 1936 to 1967 for the Cunard-White Star Line and was built by John Brown & Company in Clydebank, Scotland. She left Southampton for the last time on 31 October 1967 and sailed to the port of Long Beach, California, United States, where she was permanently moored until the present day.

26 May - British Guiana gained independence 1966

 

On 26 May 1966, , became Guyana.

British Guiana was the name of the British colony, part of the British West Indies, on the northern coast of South America, now known as the independent nation of Guyana. The first European to discover Guiana was Sir Walter Raleigh, an English explorer.

10 May - The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown.The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the form of a mutiny of sepoys of the Company's army in the garrison town of Meerut, 40 mi (64 km) northeast of Delhi. It then erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions chiefly in the upper Gangetic plain and central India,though incidents of revolt also occurred farther north and east.The rebellion posed a considerable threat to British power in that region,and was contained only with the rebels' defeat in Gwalior on 20 June 1858.On 1 November 1858, the British granted amnesty to all rebels not involved in murder, though they did not declare the hostilities to have formally ended until 8 July 1859. Its name is contested, and it is variously described as the Sepoy Mutiny, the Indian Mutiny, the Great Rebellion, the Revolt of 1857, the Indian Insurrection, and the First War of Independence.