Christmas in Russia is celebrated on January 7th, according to the Julian calendar observed by the Russian Orthodox Church. Here are some key aspects of how Christmas is traditionally celebrated in Russia:
Religious Services: Christmas is primarily a religious holiday in Russia. Many people attend the Christmas Eve service on January 6th, which includes the vespers and the Divine Liturgy. The services are held in beautifully decorated churches with icons, candles, and festive decorations.
Fasting and Holy Supper: The Christmas Eve meal, known as the Holy Supper or "Sochevnik," is an important tradition. This meal typically consists of twelve meatless dishes, symbolizing the twelve apostles. Common foods include kutia (a type of porridge made with wheat, honey, and poppy seeds), borscht (beet soup), fish, and various other traditional dishes.
Festive Decorations: Homes and public spaces are decorated with festive ornaments, lights, and Christmas trees. In rural areas, you might find traditional decorations made from straw and other natural materials.
Gift-Giving: While gift-giving is not as prominent on Christmas as it is during the New Year's celebration, some families exchange small gifts on Christmas Day. However, the main gift-giving occasion in Russia is New Year's.
Caroling: Groups of children and adults may go caroling, singing traditional Christmas carols known as "kolyadki." In return for their singing, they might receive small treats or gifts.
Cultural Traditions: Different regions of Russia may have unique customs and traditions associated with Christmas. In some areas, there are reenactments of the Nativity scene, processions, and community events.
It's important to note that Christmas celebrations were limited during the Soviet era due to official atheistic policies. After the fall of the Soviet Union, there has been a revival of Christmas traditions, and many Russians now observe Christmas as a religious and cultural holiday.
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