31 March - Sir Isaac Newton death anniversary

 

 

Sir Isaac Newton ( 04 January 1642 – 31 March 1727) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a "natural philosopher". He was a key figure in the philosophical revolution known as the Enlightenment. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687, established classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing infinitesimal calculus.

Beyond his work on the mathematical sciences, Newton dedicated much of his time to the study of alchemy and biblical chronology, but most of his work in those areas remained unpublished until long after his death. Politically and personally tied to the Whig party, Newton served two brief terms as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge, in 1689–1690 and 1701–1702. He was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705 and spent the last three decades of his life in London, serving as Warden (1696–1699) and Master (1699–1727) of the Royal Mint, as well as president of the Royal Society (1703–1727).

Newton died in his sleep in London on 31 March 1727 .After his death, Newton's hair was examined and found to contain mercury, probably resulting from his alchemical pursuits. Mercury poisoning could explain Newton's eccentricity in late life

31 March - 14th Dalai Lama escaped from China in 1959

 

On 31 March 1959, the 14th Dalai Lama escaped from China, together with members of his family and his government. They fled the Chinese authorities, who were suspected of wanting to detain him. From Lhasa, the Tibetan capital, the Dalai Lama and his entourage traveled southwards to Tawang in India, where he was welcomed by the Indian authorities.

31 March - Calcutta GPO opened in 1774

 

The East India Company started establishing post offices in India. The East India company opened its first post office in 1727. In 1774 Calcutta GPO was established. The site where the GPO is now located was actually the site of the first Fort william. An alley beside the post office was the site of the guardhouse that housed the infamous 1756 Black Hole of Calcutta (1756). The General Post Office was designed in 1864 by Walter B. Grenville (1819-1874), who acted as consulting architect to the government of India from 1863 to 1868

31 March - Dr. Anandibai Gopalrao Joshi was born

 

 Dr. Anandibai Gopalrao Joshi (31 March 1865 – 26 February 1887) was the first Indian female doctor of western medicine. She was the first woman from the erstwhile Bombay presidency of India to study and graduate with a two-year degree in western medicine in the United States.She was also referred to as Anandibai Joshi and Anandi Gopal Joshi (where Gopal came from Gopalrao, her husband's first name). 

31 March - The last tram travelled on the streets of Mumbai

 

The first horse tram, begun on 9 May 1874 on two routes Colaba to Pydhonie via Crawford Market, and Bori Bunder to Pydhonie. It were drawn by two horses and some trams even by six to eight horses. The cost of riding the tram was one annas which had speed of 5 miles per hour.

Trams served the for almost 90 years. The Britishers proposed the project in 1864 and awarded the contract to the company – Stearns and Kitteredge in 1873.

The areas connected by tram was Grant Road, Pydhonie, Girgaum, Byculla bridge and Sassoon Dock. After the introduction of electric trams, the route was extended till King Circle. Dadar was the main tram terminus, till today it is known as Dadar T.T.


On 31st March 1964, the last tram traveled on the streets of Mumbai between Bori Bunder and Khodadad tram terminus (now Dadar T.T.). The last tram was scheduled at 10pm from Bori Bunder. To bid farewell large crowd gathered and the tram was packed to full capacity

31 March - General Kodendera Subayya Thimayya

General Kodendera Subayya Thimayya DSO (31 March 1906 – 18 December 1965) was a distinguished soldier of the Indian Army who served as Chief of Army Staff from 1957 to 1961 in the crucial years leading up to the conflict with China in 1962. Gen. Thimayya was the only Indian to command an Infantry brigade in battle during the Second World War and is regarded as the most distinguished combat officer the Indian Army has produced.[6] After the Korean War, Thimayya headed a United Nations unit dealing with the repatriation of prisoners of war. After his retirement from the Army, he was appointed Commander of the United Nations Peace Keeping Force in Cyprus from July 1964 to December 1965 and died in Cyprus while on active duty on 18 December 1965. 

30 March - World Idli Day and its history

 

Idli or idly is a type of savoury rice cake, originating from South India, popular as a breakfast food in Southern India and in Sri Lanka. The cakes are made by steaming a batter consisting of fermented black lentils (de-husked) and rice. The fermentation process breaks down the starches so that they are more readily metabolised by the body.

The formation of World Idli Day is a fascinating tale in itself. The 30th of March was designated as World Idli Day in 2015. It was the inspiration for Eniyavan, the owner of a popular restaurant in Chennai, India, that only serves idlis. In honour of the event, he prepared a whopping 1,328 unique idli recipes. Not only this, but Eniyavan has also cooked gigantic idli weighing as heavy as 44 kg. It was sliced by a government official. That is how this day was born.

As you relish a supple and piping hot idli today, i.e., World Idli Day, don't forget the legacy it carries for thousands of years. It has travelled far and wide and comes in every size, shape, colour and with equally interesting parings of sambar and chutneys.Idli is one of the most nutritious food and there several reasons to feast on them on World Idli Day. May idli shine bright forever!

30 march - USA celebrates National Doctors' Day

 

National Doctors' Day is a day celebrated to recognize the contributions of physicians to individual lives and communities. The date varies from nation to nation depending on the event of commemoration used to mark the day. In some nations the day is marked as a holiday. Although supposed to be celebrated by patients in and benefactors of the healthcare industry, it is usually celebrated by health care organizations. Staff may organize a lunch for doctors to present the physicians with tokens of recognition. Historically, a card or red carnation may be sent to physicians and their spouses, along with a flower being placed on the graves of deceased physicians.

In the United States, National Doctors' Day is a day on which the service of physicians to the nation is recognized annually. The idea came from Eudora Brown Almond, wife of Dr. Charles B. Almond, and the date chosen was the anniversary of the first use of general anesthesia in surgery. On March 30, 1842, in Jefferson, Georgia, Dr. Crawford Long used ether to anesthetize a patient, James Venable, and painlessly excised a tumor from his neck.

30 March - Philip Showalter Hench death anniversary

 

Philip Showalter Hench (February 28, 1896 – March 30, 1965) was an American physician. Hench, along with his Mayo Clinic co-worker Edward Calvin Kendall and Swiss chemist Tadeus Reichstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1950 for the discovery of the hormone cortisone, and its application for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The Nobel Committee bestowed the award for the trio's "discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects."

Hench received his undergraduate education at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, and received his medical training at the United States Army Medical Corps and the University of Pittsburgh. He began working at Mayo Clinic in 1923, later serving as the head of the Department of Rheumatology. In addition to the Nobel Prize, Hench received many other awards and honors throughout his career. He also had a lifelong interest in the history and discovery of yellow fever.

Hench died of pneumonia while on vacation in Ocho Rios, Jamaica in 1965.

30 March - Ether was first used as an anesthetic in 1842

 

Ether, known as "sweet vitriol" until 1730, was discovered in 1275 by a Spanish chemist named Raymundus Lullius. While ethyl ether was first created in a laboratory in 1540 by a German scientist named Valerius Cordus, it wasn't until 1841 that the anesthetic property of ether was put to work. After witnessing "ether frolics", public gatherings of those who would take ether for amusement, and noting the lack of pain felt by those getting injured at these events, Dr. Crawford W. Long returned from schooling in Pennsylvania to his hometown of Jefferson, Georgia. While it is believed Dr. Long used ether for minor operations in 1841, the first recorded use of ether as an anesthetic occurred on March 30, 1842, when Long used applied it in the removal of two tumors from the neck of James M. Venable. Venable felt no pain from the procedure and paid two dollars for the tumor extraction.

Four years later, on September 30, 1846, Dr. William Morton, a former dental partner of Dr. Horace Wells, who had advocated the use of nitrous oxide as an anesthetic, administered ether to remove a tooth of a patient in Boston. In October of the same year, Morton gave a public demonstration of ether's anesthetic property at Massachusetts General Hospital. With the procedure occurring with great success, Morton was later wrongly credited as the discoverer of ether's surgical use. The year following the successful demonstration, Sir James Young Simpson, a future pioneer in anesthesiology, introduced ether for use as an anesthetic for childbirth. Ether wouldn't suit him for such purposes for very long.

30 March - Rajasthan Statehood Day

 

March 30 is observed as Rajasthan Diwas or Rajasthan Statehood Day as the state was formed on on this day in 1949 when Rajputana was merged into the Dominion of India. Jaipur was declared the capital of the state as it was the largest city.

Britishers gave the name Rajputana. After the unification of different princely states, Rajasthan was inaugurated by Jawaharlal Nehru on April 18, 1948.

Modern Rajasthan includes most of Rajputana, which comprises the erstwhile nineteen princely states, two chiefships, and the British district of Ajmer-Merwara. Jaisalmer, Marwar (Jodhpur), Bikaner, Mewar (Chittorgarh), Alwar, and Dhundhar (Jaipur) were some of the main Rajput princely states.

29 March - International Mermaid Day

 

International Mermaid Day is observed every year on March 29. It’s for lovers of the fabled creature that’s appeared in literature, mythology, music, films, and pop culture for a long time. It’s the day to let one’s imagination run wild and indulge one’s fascination with this aquatic creature. Is it true that they exist, or is it a work of fiction? Whatever the solution, the ocean’s depths are filled with inexhaustible mysteries — it is simply the big unknown. It’s now time to learn about their ancient origins, history, and cultural significance around the world.

29 March - Jal Manekji Cooper birth anniversary

 

Jal Manekji Cooper (29 March 1905 – 02 August 1972) in Mumbai, was an Indian philatelist, and an expert and authenticator of the postage stamps and postal history of India. Cooper was also a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and the author of several philatelic handbooks. He was both a stamp dealer and a collector and was associated with philatelists like C. D. Desai,N. D. Cooper, and Robson Lowe.

Cooper is occasionally but erroneously credited with having discovered the Inverted Head 4 Annas. The 1891 reprints show that this error was already known. E. A. Smythies said the error was first discovered at a meeting of the Philatelic Society of London in 1874.

The Jal Cooper Philatelic Society, in Varanasi, India, is named after him and India Post issued a 10 rupees commemorative stamp in 1997 depicting Cooper and Indian postmarks, on the occasion of INDEPEX 97

29 March - William Blount born in 1749

 William Blount (March 29, 1749 – March 21, 1800) was an American Founding Father, statesman, farmer, and land speculator who signed the United States Constitution. He was a member of the North Carolina delegation at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and led the efforts for North Carolina to ratify the Constitution in 1789 at the Fayetteville Convention. He then served as the only governor of the Southwest Territory and played a leading role in helping the territory gain admission to the union as the state of Tennessee. He was selected as one of Tennessee's initial United States Senators in 1796, serving until he was expelled for treason in 1797.

29 March - Laxman Naik death anniversary

 

Laxman Naik (22 November 1899 – 29 March 1943) was a tribal civil rights activist of South Odisha in eastern India. Nayak, an Odia folk-hero of Koraput of the southernmost part of Odisha and a cult-figure among its tribals. He was implicated in a case of murder and the death sentence was pronounced on him on 13 November 1942. He was hanged on 29 March 1943 in Berhampur Jail.

29 March - Gustav III assassination in 1792

Gustav III (24 January 1746 – 29 March 1792),note on dates also called Gustavus III, was King of Sweden from 1771 until his assassination in 1792. He was the eldest son of Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Queen Louisa Ulrika of Prussia.

When Frederick of Hessen died in 1751, he was succeeded by Adolf Frederick, who ruled until his death in 1771. While visiting Paris, Gustav III (ruled 1771–92) acceded to the throne. Before returning, he concluded another treaty with France. In 1772 he used the royal guard and officers of the Finnish army to seize control of the government from the parliament in a bloodless coup d’état. Gustav tried to exploit the Vasa and Carolingian traditions of personal royal power. He could rely on no class of the Swedish society nor on the political institutions of the 18th century, so he had to make the most of royal propaganda to the public. In this he was not without success; the traditional picture of Gustav is that of “King Charming,” the promoter of the arts and sciences.
 

28 March - Battle of Delhi -The Marathas Bajirao Peshwa defeated the Mughals

 

Bajirao I (18 August 1700 – 28 April 1740), born as Visaji, was the 7th Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy. During his 20-year tenure as a Peshwa, he defeated Nizam-ul-Mulk at several battles like the Battle of Palkhed and Battle of Bhopal. Bajirao contributed to Maratha supremacy in southern India and northern India. Thus, he was partly responsible for establishing Maratha power in Gujarat, Malwa, Rajputana and Bundelkhand and liberating Konkan (in the western coast of India) from the Siddis of Janjira and Portuguese rule.

Battle of Delhi: The Peshwa began to march on the Mughal capital, Delhi, from Pune on 12 November 1736 with a force of 50,000 cavalry troops.Learning of the advancing Maratha army, the Mughal emperor asked Saadat Ali Khan I to march from Agra and check the advance. The Maratha chiefs Malhar Rao Holkar, Vithoji Bule and Pilaji Jadhav crossed Yamuna and plundered the Mughal territories in the Doab. Saadat Khan led a force of 150,000, defeated them, and retired to Mathura. Malhar Rao Holkar rejoined Baji Rao's army near Gwalior. Samsam-ud-Daulah, Mir Bakshi and Muhammad Khan Bangash invited Saadat Ali Khan to a banquet in Samsam-ud-Daulah's tent in Mathura, thinking that the Marathas had retreated to the Deccan. During the feast, they learnt that Baji Rao had slipped along the Jat and Mewati hill route (avoiding the direct Agra-Delhi route) and was at Delhi. The Mughal commanders left the feast and began a hasty return to capital.The Mughal emperor dispatched a force, led by Mir Hasan Khan Koka, to check Baji Rao's advance. The Marathas defeated his force in the 28 March 1737 Battle of Delhi. Baji Rao then retreated from the capital, concerned about the approach of a larger Mughal force from Mathura.

Baji Rao's dash on Delhi was executed with such daring and audacity that neither the Mughal generals nor the Mughal intelligence could comprehend or predict his moves.

28 March - Mario Vargas Llosa born in 1936

 

Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa, 1st Marquess of Vargas Llosa (born 28 March 1936), more commonly known as Mario Vargas Llosa , is a Peruvian novelist, journalist, essayist and former politician, who also holds Spanish citizenship. Vargas Llosa is one of Latin America's most significant novelists and essayists, and one of the leading writers of his generation. Some critics consider him to have had a larger international impact and worldwide audience than any other writer of the Latin American Boom. In 2010 he won the Nobel Prize in Literature, "for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat."He also won the 1967 Rómulo Gallegos Prize, the 1986 Prince of Asturias Award, the 1994 Miguel de Cervantes Prize, the 1995 Jerusalem Prize, the 2012 Carlos Fuentes International Prize, and the 2018 Pablo Neruda Order of Artistic and Cultural Merit.

 

28 March - Frank Anthony issued a commemorative stamp in 2003

 

Frank Anthony (25 September 1908 – 3 December 1993) was a leader of the Anglo-Indian community in India, and was until his death their nominated representative in the Parliament of India except 6th and 9th Lok Sabha. He served as the president of the All India Anglo-Indian Association.

He was also the founder of the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) which operates the ICSE board of Education in India.

The Department of Post issued a commemorative stamp on Frank Anthony on 28 March 2003

28 March - John Amos Comenius was born in 1592

 

image courtesy : alamy

John Amos Comenius(Czech: Jan Amos Komenský; Polish: Jan Amos Komeński; German: Johann Amos Comenius; Latinized: Ioannes Amos Comenius; 28 March 1592 – 15 November 1670) was a Czech philosopher, pedagogue and theologian who is considered the father of modern education.He served as the last bishop of the Unity of the Brethren before becoming a religious refugee and one of the earliest champions of universal education, a concept eventually set forth in his book Didactica Magna. As an educator and theologian, he led schools and advised governments across Protestant Europe through the middle of the seventeenth century.

Comenius introduced a number of educational concepts and innovations including pictorial textbooks written in native languages instead of Latin, teaching based in gradual development from simple to more comprehensive concepts, lifelong learning with a focus on logical thinking over dull memorization, equal opportunity for impoverished children, education for women, and universal and practical instruction. Besides his native Moravia,he lived and worked in other regions of the Holy Roman Empire, and other countries: Sweden, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Transylvania, England, the Netherlands and Hungary. 

28 March - Centenary of south eastern railway postage stamp issued in 1987

 

The South Eastern Railway (abbreviated SER) is one of the 19 railway zones in India and Part of Eastern Railways. It is headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It comprises Adra railway division, Chakradharpur railway division, Kharagpur railway division and Ranchi railway division.

The South Eastern Railway caters to the states of West Bengal, Jharkhand and Odisha. S.E. also runs regular electric multiple units (EMU) services to areas adjacent to Kolkata, from Howrah to Kharagpur, Amta, Medinipur, Tatanagar, Balasore, Rourkela and Santragachi to Shalimar. It also handles major freight traffic to Kolkata and Haldia and Howrah to Digha and Mecheda to Digha

The Department of Post released a commemorative stamp on 28 March 1987 on centenary of south eastern railway.

28 March - Asrar-ul-Haq 'Majaaz' commemorative stamp issued in 2008

 

Asrar-ul-Haq (19 October 1911 to 05 December 1955), better known as Majaz Lakhnawi, was an Indian Urdu poet. He is known for his romantic and revolutionary poetry. He composed ghazals and nazms in Urdu. He was the maternal uncle of poet and screenplay writer Javed Akhtar and Indian-American psychoanalyst Salman Akhtar.

The Department of Post released a commemorative stamp on 28 March 2008 on Asrar-ul-Haq 'Majaaz'

28 March - Maxim Gorky

 

Alexei Maximovich Peshkov (28 March [O.S. 16 March] 1868 – 18 June 1936), popularly known as Maxim Gorky (Russian: Макси́м Го́рький), was a Russian writer and socialist political thinker and proponent.He was nominated five times for the Nobel Prize in Literature.Before his success as an author, he travelled widely across the Russian Empire changing jobs frequently, experiences which would later influence his writing.

27 March - International Whiskey Day

 

International Whiskey Day is a yearly celebration on March 27. “The water of life” or ‘uisce na beatha’ in Gaelic, is the term given to whiskey by the Gaelic language. Soon after, the name was shortened to ‘uisce’ (meaning ‘water’), and the pronunciation gradually shifted from ‘ish-key’ to ‘whiskey.’ Since then, the pronunciation has stayed the same. Whiskey has a long and distinguished history of careful distillation, dating back more than 500 years. When it comes to whiskey, there’s no better way to bring people together than to have a few glasses and make some amazing memories. Today is the ideal opportunity for whiskey fans to indulge with a high-end bottle and some friends.

27 March - Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin death anniversary

 

Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (9 March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut who became the first human to journey into outer space. Travelling in the Vostok 1 capsule, Gagarin completed one orbit of Earth on 12 April 1961. By achieving this major milestone in the Space Race he became an international celebrity, and was awarded many medals and titles, including Hero of the Soviet Union, his nation's highest honour.

On 27 March 1968, while on a routine training flight from Chkalovsky Air Base, Gagarin and flight instructor Vladimir Seryogin died when their MiG-15UTI crashed near the town of Kirzhach.

27 March - Golden Jubilee of India and Bangladesh freindship stamp issued 2021

 

A commemorative postage stamp issued on (27 March 2021) the Golden Jubilee of friendship between two neighbouring country. The year 2021 was a momentous one for India and Bangladesh as they jointly celebrated the 50th.anniversary of diplomatic relations , the golden Jubilee of Bangladesh 's independence from Pakistan and the birth Centenary of its father of the nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.The stamp depicts on the left side, The National war Memorial, Delhi , and on the right side the Jyoti Smriti Soudha or the National Martyrs Memorial near Dhaka.

27 March - World Theatre Day

 

ITI centers and the international theatre community celebrated World Theatre Day on March 27 each year. It is celebrated to raise awareness of the importance of theatre arts, how they played a crucial role in entertainment, and the changes theatre brings to our lives. World Theatre Day was initiated in 1961 by the International Theatre Institute ITI.

27 March - Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen was born in 1845

 

Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen (27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German physicist who is best known for his discovery of X-rays. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

In 1901, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics “in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him.” He was the first person to receive this prestigious award in physics.

His discovery of X-rays had a profound impact on medical diagnosis and treatment. X-rays allowed doctors to see inside the human body and detect diseases and injuries that were previously invisible. X-ray technology has since been developed and refined, and it remains an essential tool in modern medicine.

His legacy also extends to the field of physics. His discovery of X-rays led to the development of new technologies and techniques for studying the structure and properties of matter. His work paved the way for advancements in nuclear physics, atomic energy, and other areas of research

27 March - Syed Ahmad Khan death anniversary

 

 

Syed Ahmad Khan (17 October 1817 – 27 March 1898), an Islamic pragmatist. Though initially espousing Hindu-Muslim unity, he became the pioneer of Muslim nationalism in India and is widely credited as the father of the Two-Nation Theory which formed the basis of the Pakistan movement. He died on 27 March 1898 in Aligarh, British India.

 

26 March - Swissair was founded as the national airline of Switzerland in 1931

 

On March 26, 1931, Swissair was founded through the fusion of the airlines Ad Astra Aero (founded in 1919) and Balair (1925). The founding fathers were Balz Zimmermann and the Swiss aviation pioneer Walter Mittelholzer. In contrast to other airlines, it did not receive support from the government. The name "Swissair" was the proposal of Dr. Alphonse Ehinger, president of the directorial board of the Balair, although "Swissair" was first deemed "un-Swiss". In the first operational year, 64 people were employed including ten pilots, seven radio operators, and eight mechanics. In total, their planes offered 85 seats, and operation was maintained only from March to October. The route network had a length of 4,203 kilometres (2,612 mi). For most of its 71 years, Swissair was one of the major international airlines and known as the "Flying Bank" due to its financial stability, causing it to be regarded as a Swiss national symbol and icon. It was headquartered at Zürich Airport, Kloten.

26 March - Maharshi Dadhichi postage stamp issued in 1988

 

Maharshi Dadhichi also rendered Dadhyanga and Dadhyancha, is a sage in Hinduism. He is best known for his sacrifice in the Puranas, where he gives up his life so that his bones could be used to manufacture the Vajra, the diamond-like celestial thunderbolt of the deity Indra, in order to slay Vritra.Dadhichi is featured in many Hindu legends, and is sometimes portrayed as having a horse's head

India post issued a commemorative postage stamp on 26 March 1988

26 March - Guru Amar Das became sikh guru in 1552

 

Guru Amar Das (5 May 1479 – 1 September 1574), sometimes spelled as Guru Amardas, was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Sikh Guru on 26 March 1552 at age 73.

Guru Amar Das was an important innovator in the teachings of Guru who introduced a religious organization called the Manji system by appointing trained clergy, a system that expanded and survives into the contemporary era.He wrote and compiled hymns into a Pothi (book) that ultimately helped create the Adi Granth.

Guru Amar Das remained the leader of the Sikhs till age 95, and named his son-in-law Bhai Jetha, later remembered by the name Guru Ram Das, as his successor.

26 March - Mahadevi Varma born in 1907

 

Mahadevi Varma (26 March 1907 – 11 September 1987) was an Indian Hindi-language poet, essayist, sketch story writer and an eminent personality of Hindi literature. She is considered one of the four major pillars[a] of the Chhayawadi era in Hindi literature.She has been also addressed as the Modern Meera.Poet Nirala had once called her "Saraswati in the vast temple of Hindi Literature". Varma had witnessed India both before and after independence. She was one of those poets who worked for the wider society of India.Not only her poetry but also her social upliftment work and welfare development among women were also depicted deeply in her writings. These largely influenced not only the readers but also the critics especially through her novel Deepshikha.

26 March - Independence Day Bangladesh

 

The Independence Day of Bangladesh is celebrated on 26 March as a national holiday in Bangladesh. It commemorates the country's declaration of independence from Pakistan in the early hours of 25 March 1971.

Independence Day is commonly associated with parades, political speeches, fairs, concerts, ceremonies, and various other public and private events celebrating the history and traditions of Bangladesh. TV and radio stations broadcast special programs and patriotic songs in honor of Independence Day. A thirty-one gun salute may be conducted in the morning.The main streets are decorated with national flags. Different political parties and socioeconomic organizations undertake programs to mark the day in a befitting manner, including paying respects at National Martyrs' Memorial at Savar near Dhaka.

25 March - Maryland Day

 

Maryland Day is a legal holiday in the U.S. state of Maryland.It is observed on the anniversary of the March 25, 1634, landing of the first European settlers in the Province of Maryland, the third English colony to be settled in British North America.On this day settlers from The Ark and The Dove first set foot onto Maryland soil, at St. Clement's Island in the Potomac River. The settlers were about 150 in number, departed from Gravesend on the Thames River downstream from London.
More details:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Day

25 March - Progression in the modes of transportation in India

 

Complete Set of commemorative postage stamps (5 Miniature sheets) released on  25 March 2017

Department of Posts, India has for the first time in its history, issued stamps on modes of transport. These stamps showcase the history of gradual progression in the modes of transportation in our country through 20 beautiful postage stamps in the form of miniature sheets in a prestige booklet issued for the first time and mixed stamp sheetlets.

The series of stamps include a set of four stamps each on palanquins, animal driven carriages and carts, rickshaws, vintage cars and a mixed set of four stamps on public transport depicting buses, tram and metro. The inspiration of these 20 stamps has come from the artwork and are facts displayed at the Heritage Transport Museum and over 15 stamps are directly adapted  from the Museum’s collection.

25 March - NZ Army Day

 

NZ Army Day is celebrated on 25 March, the anniversary of the day in 1845 when the New Zealand Legislative Council passed the first Militia Act on 25 March 1845 constituting the New Zealand Army.

ANZAC Day is the main annual commemorative activity for New Zealand soldiers. On 25 April each year the landings at Gallipoli are remembered, though the day has come to mean remembering the fallen from all wars in which New Zealand has been involved. While a New Zealand public holiday, it is a duty day for New Zealand military personnel, who, even if not involved in official commemorative activities are required to attend an ANZAC Day Dawn Parade in ceremonial uniform in their home location.

Remembrance Day, commemorating the end of World War I on 11 November 1918, is marked by official activities with a military contribution normally with parades and church services on the closest Sunday. However, ANZAC Day has a much greater profile and involves a much higher proportion of military personnel.

25 March - Waffle Day in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark

 

Waffle Day is a tradition that is celebrated in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, on 25 March, which is also the Feast of the Annunciation,upon which waffles are typically eaten. The shift from the religious celebration to Waffle Day occurred because the Swedish Vårfrudagen, meaning "Our Lady's Day" (the Feast of the Annunciation), sounds similar to våffeldagen ("waffle day") in faster speech, and so over time Swedes began calling it Waffle Day and celebrating by eating waffles.

 

25 March - International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade

 

International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade is a United Nations international observance designated in 2007 to be marked on 25 March every year.

The day honours and remembers those who suffered and died as a consequence of the transatlantic slave trade, which has been called "the worst violation of human rights in history", in which over 400 years more than 15 million men, women and children were the victims.

25 March - Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi death anniversary

 

Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi (26 October 1890 – 25 March 1931) was an Indian journalist, a leader of the Indian National Congress and an independence movement activist. He was an important figure in the non-cooperation movement and the freedom movement of India, who once translated Victor Hugo's novel Ninety-Three,and is mostly known as the founder-editor of the Hindi language newspaper, Pratap

24 March - Joseph Priestley born in 1733

 

Joseph Priestley (24 March 1733 – 6 February 1804) was an English chemist, natural philosopher, separatist theologian, grammarian, multi-subject educator, and liberal political theorist.He published over 150 works, and conducted experiments in electricity and other areas of science. He was a close friend of, and worked in close association with Benjamin Franklin involving electricity experiments.

Priestley is credited with his independent discovery of oxygen by the thermal decomposition of mercuric oxide,having isolated it in 1774.[9] During his lifetime, Priestley's considerable scientific reputation rested on his invention of carbonated water, his writings on electricity, and his discovery of several "airs" (gases), the most famousbeing what Priestley dubbed "dephlogisticated air" (oxygen). Priestley's determination to defend phlogiston theory and to reject what would become the chemical revolution eventually left him isolated within the scientific community.

24 March - T.M.Soundararajan birth annivesary

 

Thoguluva Meenatchi Iyengar Soundararajan(24 March 1923 – 25 May 2013), popularly known as TMS, was an Indian Carnatic musician and a playback singer in Tamil cinema for over six and a half decades. He sang over 10,138 songs from 3,162 films,including devotional, semi-classical, Carnatic, classical and light music songs.He gave classical concerts starting in 1943.

In a career spanning over six and half decades, he rode like a colossus and dominated Tamil music for decades. Besides primarily Tamil, he also sang in other languages including Sourashtra, Kannada, Telugu, Hindi, and Malayalam. He was a lyricist and music composer for many devotional songs. He was the music director for the film Bala Parikshai. His peak period as a male playback singer in the South Indian film industry was from 1955 to 1985. His first film song was in 1946, at the age of 24, and his last was with P. Susheela during 2010 at the age of 88. TMS died on 25 May 2013 at his residence in Mandaveli, Chennai due to illness. He was 90 years old.

24 March - Muthuswami Dikshitar born in 1776

 

Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar)(24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar,was a South Indian poet, singer and veena player, and a legendary composer of Indian classical music, who is considered one of the musical trinity of Carnatic music. Muthuswami Dikshitar was born on 24 March 1775 in Tiruvarur near Thanjavur, in what is now the state of Tamil Nadu in India, to a family that is traditionally traced back to Virinichipuram in the northern boundaries of the state.His compositions, of which around 500 are commonly known, are noted for their elaborate and poetic descriptions of Hindu gods and temples and for capturing the essence of the raga forms through the vainika (veena) style that emphasises gamakas. They are typically in a slower speed (chowka kala). He is also known by his signature name of Guruguha which is also his mudra (and can be found in each of his songs). His compositions are widely sung and played in classical concerts of Carnatic music.

24 March - World Tuberculosis Day

 

Each year, we recognize World TB Day on March 24. This annual event commemorates the date in 1882 when Dr. Robert Koch announced his discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacillus that causes tuberculosis (TB).

 It's a day dedicated to raising awareness about tuberculosis (TB), a contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. The day aims to highlight the global efforts to eliminate TB and to increase public understanding of the devastating health, social, and economic consequences of the disease.

23 March - World Meteorological Day

 

World Meteorological Day was established in 1961 to commemorate the World Meteorological Organization creation on 23 March 1950. This organization announces a slogan for World Meteorology Day every year, and this day is celebrated in all member countries.

The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), an organization of the United Nations, was created on 23 March 1950 to replace the International Meteorological Organization. It began operations in 1951 to coordinate member nation in the fields of meteorology, operational hydrology, and Earth sciences for the security of their population. The first World Meteorological Day was held on 23 March 1961.

The 2024 theme is At the Frontline of Climate Action

23 March - Shivaram Hari Rajguru death anniversary

 

24 August is the birth anniversary of the great revolutionary Shivaram Hari Rajguru who was an accomplice of Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev. He died for the country at an age when most youths dream of careers.

Shivaram Hari Rajguru (24 August 1908 – 23 March 1931) was an Indian revolutionary from Maharashtra, known mainly for his involvement in the assassination of a British Raj police officer. He also fought for the independence of India and On 23 March 1931 he was hanged by the British government along with Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev Thapar.

23 March - Ram Manohar Lohia born 1910

 

Ram Manohar Lohia (23 March 1910 – 12 October 1967) was an activist in the Indian independence movement and a socialist political leader.During the last phase of British rule in India, he worked with the Congress Radio which was broadcast secretly from various places in Bombay until 1942.

23 March - Goldfinger Novel published

 

Goldfinger is the seventh novel in Ian Fleming's James Bond series. Written in January and February 1958, it was first published in the UK by Jonathan Cape on 23 March 1959. The story centres on the investigation by the British Secret Service operative James Bond into the gold smuggling activities of Auric Goldfinger, who is also suspected by MI6 of being connected to SMERSH, the Soviet counter-intelligence organisation. As well as establishing the background to the smuggling operation, Bond uncovers a much larger plot: Goldfinger plans to steal the gold reserves of the United States from Fort Knox.

Fleming developed the James Bond character in Goldfinger, presenting him as a more complex individual than in the previous novels, and bringing out a theme of Bond as a St George figure. This theme is echoed by the fact that it is a British agent sorting out an American problem. In common with his other Bond stories, Fleming used the names of people he knew, or knew of, throughout his story, including the book's eponymous villain, who was named after the architect Ernő Goldfinger. On learning of the use of his name, Goldfinger threatened to sue, before the matter was settled out of court. Auric Goldfinger is obsessed by gold and—to Bond's eye—a gauche individual with unusual appetites; Fleming probably based the character on the American gold tycoon Charles W. Engelhard Jr. Fleming also used his own experiences within the book; the round of golf played with Goldfinger was based on a 1957 tournament at the Berkshire Golf Club in which Fleming partnered Peter Thomson, the winner of The Open Championship.

On its release, Goldfinger went to the top of the best-seller lists; the novel was broadly well received by the critics and was favourably compared to the works of the thriller writers H. C. McNeile and John Buchan. Goldfinger was serialised as a daily story and as a comic strip in the Daily Express, before it became the third James Bond feature film of the Eon Productions series, released in 1964 and starring Sean Connery as Bond. In 2010 Goldfinger was adapted for BBC Radio with Toby Stephens as Bond and Sir Ian McKellen as Goldfinger.

22 March - World Water Day

 

World Water Day is an annual United Nations (UN) observance day held on 22 March that highlights the importance of fresh water. The day is used to advocate for the sustainable management of freshwater resources.The theme of each year focuses on topics relevant to clean water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), which is in line with the targets of Sustainable Development Goal 6.The UN World Water Development Report (WWDR) is released each year around World Water Day.

World Water Day is an international observance day. The intention is to inspire people around the world to learn more about water-related issues and to take action to make a difference.In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an additional focus on hand washing and hygiene.

This day was first formally proposed in Agenda 21 of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro. In December 1992, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution A/RES/47/193 by which 22 March of each year was declared World Day for Water.

22 March - Ramasamy Ganesan death anniversary

 

Ramasamy Ganesan (17 November 1920 – 22 March 2005),better known by his stage name Gemini Ganesan, was an Indian actor who worked mainly in Tamil cinema. He was referred to as the Kaadhal Mannan (King of Romance) for his romantic roles in films.Ganesan was one of the "three biggest names of Tamil cinema", the other two being M. G. Ramachandran and Sivaji Ganesan. While Sivaji Ganesan excelled in dramatic films and M. G. Ramachandran was popular as an action hero, Gemini Ganesan was known for his romantic films. A recipient of the Padma Shri in 1971, he had also won several other awards including the Kalaimamani, the MGR Gold Medal, and the Screen Lifetime Achievement Award. He was one of the few college graduates to enter the film industry then.

After a prolonged illness due to kidney failure and multiple organ failure, Gemini Ganesan died surrounded by Bobji and their daughters at his residence on 22 March 2005, 13:30 IST.